明式桌案类家具结构部件装饰研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 13:09

【摘要】：明式家具因其造型优美、材美工良,是中国传统文化的杰出代表,传统造物的典范。明式家具的结构部件,其作用不仅是起支撑重量、加强牢固的功能结构部件,同时也是富有美感的装饰部件,起到协调家具比例尺度,增加艺术造型美感,彰显家具时代特色的作用。结构部件是明式家具造型的基础,更是家具结构中的“模件”,其自身独特造型与装饰艺术是新中式家具设计的借鉴元素。本研究站在结构部件的角度,具体分析明式家具结构部件的装饰特征,主要内容如下:本文以明式桌案类家具为研究对象,通过图例分析法获得桌与案各结构部件装饰特征和装饰规律。桌类具体体现为:在有束腰结构的桌家具中,搭配方直内翻马蹄和弯腿为主,束腰之下采用直牙条或壶门牙条的造型,四腿间连接罗锅枨;无束腰结构下,以圆直腿为主,搭配罗锅枨或直枨,枨与面板之间安置矮老或卡子花;四面平结构下,常与方直内翻马蹄及霸王枨搭配。案类具体体现为:在夹头榫结构下的案形家具中腿型以圆材、方直腿或方直撇腿为主,其中圆材腿部两边多以侧枨相接,方材腿或方直撇腿之间多数采用挡板或圈口装饰,足下以托子或管脚枨相接;插肩榫结构下的平头案主要搭配剑形腿,装饰在牙条牙头上,插肩榫结构下的翘头案与剑形腿搭配,装饰在牙头上。明式桌案类家具造型精美,正是因为其自身的承重性部件与辅助性部件有规律的完美结合,在不同的家具形体中,采用了与形体相符合的不同形式的结构与装饰,体现了当时工匠对木质特性的透彻认识和家具结构设计方面的卓越水平。通过对明式桌案家具各结构部件的装饰分析,从另一个角度揭示了家具设计的精神内涵。
[Abstract]:Ming-style furniture is an outstanding representative of Chinese traditional culture and a model of traditional creation because of its beautiful shape and fine art. The function of the structural parts of the Ming style furniture is not only to support the weight and strengthen the solid functional structural parts, but also to be the decorative parts full of aesthetic sense, which can coordinate the scale of the furniture and increase the aesthetic feeling of the artistic modeling. Highlight the role of furniture age characteristics. The structural part is the foundation of Ming style furniture modeling, but also the "module" in the furniture structure. Its own unique modeling and decorative art are the reference elements of the new Chinese furniture design. From the point of view of structural parts, the main contents of this research station are as follows: this paper takes Ming table case furniture as the research object. Through legend analysis, the decorative characteristics and decorative rules of each structural part of table and case are obtained. The table type is embodied as follows: in the table furniture with girded waist structure, it is mainly with square inverted horseshoe and crooked legs. Under the girdle, the shape of straight teeth or pot front teeth is adopted, and the four legs are connected with Luo Guo Cheng; In a waistless structure, with a round straight leg, arranged with Luo Cheng or Cheng, with a short old man or chippings between the planks, and with square flattened horseshoes and overlord Cheng with a flat structure on all sides. The specific cases are as follows: in the case furniture with the chuck tenon structure, the leg type is mainly round, square straight or square straight skimmed legs, in which round legs are mostly joined by sides of Cheng on both sides, and most of them are decorated with baffles or rings between square legs and square straight skimming legs. To join with a pedestal or a pin. The flat head case under the shoulder tenon structure is mainly matched with the sword-shaped leg, which is decorated on the teeth head, and with the sword-shaped leg under the shoulder tenon structure, and is decorated on the tooth head. Ming table case furniture is beautifully shaped, because its own load-bearing parts and auxiliary parts are perfectly combined regularly. In different furniture forms, they adopt different forms of structure and decoration that are consistent with the form. Reflected at that time the craftsman's thorough understanding to the wood characteristic and the furniture structure design aspect outstanding level. Through the decoration analysis of each structural part of Ming table furniture, the spiritual connotation of furniture design is revealed from another angle.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS664.03

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