居室装修建材种类和时期与儿童哮喘类症状的关系

发布时间：2018-11-24 19:32

【摘要】：目的探讨居室装修建材种类、装修时期与儿童哮喘类症状的关系。方法于2011年4月—2012年4月对上海市3个市内行政区和2个郊区行政区的72所幼儿园的家长发放17 898份问卷,并回收13 335份由4~6岁儿童的家长填写的问卷,基于这些问卷,采用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析儿童卧室地板和墙面材料、新添置家具和居室装修时期与学龄前4~6岁儿童哮喘类症状(喘息、干咳和哮喘)的关系。结果 66.7%和51.2%的家庭使用实木和乳胶漆分别作为儿童卧室地板和墙面材料。在母亲妊娠期间和儿童0~1岁间进行居室装修的家庭数量明显少于在母亲妊娠前1年内和儿童1岁后进行装修的家庭。以实木和强化木为地板材料的家庭的儿童发生干咳和哮喘的风险高于水泥(OR=1.11~2.13,P0.05,P0.01),墙面材料为乳胶漆和油漆的家庭的儿童发生干咳和哮喘的风险高于石灰(OR=1.10~1.27,P0.05,P0.01)。调整混杂因素后,使用实木或强化木的家庭的儿童干咳和哮喘的风险依旧高于水泥(P0.05,P0.01),且使用强化木的风险较高;上述4个时期添置新家具的家庭的儿童喘息和干咳的风险较高(AOR=1.13~1.23,P0.05,P0.01);儿童0~1岁间进行居室装修的家庭的儿童干咳的风险较高(AOR=1.57,P0.01)。结论本次调查的上海居民对家庭装修的时间具有一定的选择性。与普通材料(水泥和石灰)相比,新型居室装修材料(实木、强化木等)可能会增加儿童患哮喘类症状的风险。妊娠期前后1年和儿童0~1岁期间添置新家具和居室装修的家庭的4~6岁儿童有一定的发生哮喘类症状的风险。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the relationship between indoor decoration building materials, decoration period and asthmatic symptoms in children. Methods from April 2011 to April 2012, 17 898 questionnaires were distributed to parents of 72 kindergartens in 3 municipal and 2 suburban districts of Shanghai, and 13 335 questionnaires were collected from parents of children aged 4 to 6, based on these questionnaires. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between children's bedroom floor and wall materials and asthma symptoms (wheezing, dry cough and asthma). Results 66.7% and 51.2% of the families used solid wood and latex paint as children's bedroom floor and wall material respectively. The number of families with room decoration during pregnancy and one year old was significantly lower than that in the first year of pregnancy and after 1 year of pregnancy. Children in families with solid and fortified wood flooring materials were at higher risk of dry cough and asthma than with cement (OR=1.11~2.13,P0.05,P0.01). Metope materials for latex paint and paint for home children have a higher risk of dry cough and asthma than lime (OR=1.10~1.27,P0.05,P0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of dry cough and asthma in families using solid or fortified wood was still higher than that of cement (P0.05, P0.01), and the risk of using fortified wood was higher. The risk of wheezing and dry cough was higher in families with new furniture during the four periods mentioned above (AOR=1.13~1.23,P0.05,P0.01), and the risk of dry cough was higher in families with room decoration between 0 and 1 years old (AOR=1.57,P0.01). Conclusion the Shanghai residents in this survey have certain selectivity to the time of family decoration. Compared with ordinary materials (cement and lime), new room decoration materials (solid wood, reinforced wood, etc.) may increase the risk of asthma symptoms in children. Children aged 4 to 6 in families with new furniture and room decoration before and after pregnancy for one year and children aged 0 to 1 years were at a certain risk of developing asthma symptoms.
【作者单位】：上海理工大学环境与建筑学院;
【基金】：上海市教委重点学科资助基金(J50502) 国家自然科学基金(51278302、51108263)
【分类号】：R114

【参考文献】