巩县石窟北朝造像题记及其书法研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 13:09

本文选题：巩县石窟 + 北朝　；参考：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：北朝时期，佛教发展、营窟造像盛行，巩县石窟是继云冈、龙门之后开凿的又一皇家石窟，其遗存的造像题记借鉴了汉画像石、砖的艺术形式将佛教题材与石刻文字完美结合，真实再现了北朝河洛地区民间书法的基本风貌和文字演化过程，是研究石窟、美术考古的重要实物，也是中国书法史不可缺少的组成部分。巩县石窟造像题材主要有释迦、三世佛、弥勒与观世音，佛像的服饰沿袭了印度“通肩式袈裟”和“袒右肩袈裟”，又创变了具有汉文化特征的“褒衣博带式袈裟”。题记的内容都是为亡亲、故师，为身家平安，为消除业障疾苦或为一切众生往生西方之类。题记的佛龛形制大多是单线圆拱尖楣。题记的书法形制一般以横方、长方为主。题记的文字表现在俗字的大量使用上，是六朝时期民间用字的常见现象。题记文体表现在行文格式上，大致有常规式、省略式、扩充式。 “魏碑体”成为北朝官方正字和书法表现的主流书体，巩县石窟造像题记的书体是通俗楷书，通过与造像碑、龙门题记的对比，，巩县造像及书法有着鲜明的个性特点，结体已由龙门时期的“斜画紧结”，逐渐变为“平画宽结”，体势明显放平，结构宽博疏朗，点画纵逸姿肆，其中又以北齐造像题记为代表，在南北朝书法史，风格史上具有一定的风格价值。
[Abstract]:During the Northern Dynasty, Buddhism developed, and the statues of the Ying Grottoes prevailed. The Gongxian Grottoes were another Royal Grottoes dug after Yungang and Longmen. The inscriptions of the remains of the Gongxian grottoes drew lessons from the Han Dynasty stone portraits, and the artistic form of bricks perfectly combined Buddhist themes with stone inscriptions. It truly reproduces the basic style and evolution process of folk calligraphy in Heluo area of Northern dynasties. It is an important object of studying grottoes and archeology of fine arts and is also an indispensable part of Chinese calligraphic history. The theme of Gongxian Grottoes is mainly Sakya, three Buddhas, Maitreya and Quan Shiyin. The costumes of Buddha's statues follow India's "across-the-shoulder cassock" and "right shoulder cassock", but also create a Han culture with the characteristics of "praiseworthy robes." The contents of the inscription are for the death of relatives, therefore, for the peace of the family, for the elimination of karma and suffering or for all living beings to die in the West and so on. The inscription of the shape of the shrine is mostly a single-line round arch-tipped lintel. The calligraphy shape of inscription is generally horizontal and rectangular. Inscription is a common phenomenon of folk characters in the six dynasties. Inscription style is expressed in the form of general form, ellipsis, expansion. "Wei Stele" has become the mainstream calligraphy style of official characters and calligraphy performance in the Northern Dynasty. The calligraphy style of inscription of Gongxian Grottoes is a popular script. Through the contrast with the tablets and inscriptions of Longmen, Gongxian statues and calligraphy have distinct personality characteristics. The knot has gradually changed from "oblique drawing tight knot" in Longmen period to "flat painting wide knot". The body is obviously flat, the structure is wide and sparse, and the idolatry of the Northern Qi Dynasty is also represented by the inscription of the Northern Qi Dynasty, which is represented in the history of calligraphy in the Southern and Northern dynasties. Style has a certain value in the history of style.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J209.2;J292.1

【共引文献】