祝允明狂草艺术研究

发布时间：2018-07-11 15:42

本文选题：祝允明 + 狂草　；参考：《河南大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 祝允明为明中叶吴门书派之领袖,其狂草上承张旭、怀素、黄庭坚之遗风,下开明末浪漫主义书风之先河。由于祝允明所处的特殊历史时期——资本主义萌芽及个性思想解放思潮相继出现,使其狂草与其前贤旭、素、黄庭坚狂草有别,余姑且称祝为“浪漫”狂草,前贤为“古典”狂草。祝允明狂草乃真“狂”之狂,把放浪之生活引入狂草——狂草即生活,生活即狂草,故其狂草颠狂之极,“狂”胜前贤。本文重点研究祝允明狂草之成因及其艺术特色。成因者有六:追古之书学取向、明代前期草书之影响、同代之相互陶染、功性神采之辨证理解、仕途失意之放浪形骸、个性思想解放思潮之直接影响。艺术特色者有三。其一,狂胜前贤。旭、素、黄庭坚狂草虽亦狂放,但理性居上,法度谨严,历来评书者多述其创作过程之颠狂而书法作品之守法。祝允明狂草则感性居上,乃其放浪生活之真实写照,难免时有失笔、失体之嫌,故称其为“浪漫”狂草。其狂草之浪漫大致有三:一曰散点山花烂漫、硕果累累;二曰狂线肆无忌惮,风雨雷电;三曰章法乱石铺阶,意味天成。其二,“点、线、面”之结合。众所周知,中国书法乃“点”、“线”组成,而至祝允明狂草则实现了“点、线、面”之结合。祝允明狂草之“面”者亦有三,一曰“侧锋面”,二曰“黑面”,三曰“白面”,前者为用笔,后二者为章法。三“面”相交,浑然天成,“万物负阴而抱阳,冲气以为和”。其三,“点”耀千古。何者为“点”,日月高悬,星汉满天,梅花盛开,硕果累累,嫩芽新发,枯木逢春。“点”者,神采也,“点”者,生机也。张旭、怀素、黄庭坚、祝允明狂草中之单“点”数量逐次递增,黄庭坚单“点”运用则有了质的变化——楷书中非“点”之结构转化为“点”,到祝允明则“星汉满天”,“浩浩汤汤、横无际涯”,故被后人尊为“明代草书第一人”。
[Abstract]:Zhu Yunming was the leader of Wu Men School in the middle of Ming Dynasty. He inherited the legacy of Zhang Xu, Huaisu and Huang Tingjian, and started the romantic book style in the late Ming Dynasty. Due to the special historical period in which Zhu Yunming lived-the budding of capitalism and the emergence of the ideological trend of personality emancipation one after another, the hysterical grass was different from its predecessors, Xianxu, Su, and Huang Tingjian. Yu called Zhu a "romantic" weed. The former is the "classical" hysteria. Zhu Yunming's wild grass is the true "crazy" madness. He has introduced the life of the wild grass into the wild grass, and the life is the crazy grass. Therefore, his crazy grass is extremely crazy, and the "crazy" overtakes the former sages. This paper focuses on the causes and artistic characteristics of Zhu Yunming's wild grass. There are six causes: the academic orientation of tracing the ancient times, the influence of cursive writing in the early Ming Dynasty, the mutual influence of the same generation, the dialectical understanding of the feat, the disenchantment of the official career, the direct influence of the ideological emancipation of personality. There are three artistic features. First, outperform the former. Xu, Su, Huang Tingjian are also wild, but rational, strict with the law, has always described the creation of the process of hyperbole and calligraphy of the law-abiding. Zhu Yunming's wild grass is sensual, it is the true portrayal of his life, it is inevitable to lose pen and body, so it is called "romantic" crazy grass. Its wild grass romance roughly has three: one is scattered point mountain flower is artless, fruitful; two said crazy line unbridled, wind and rain thunder and lightning; three said the rules and the law disorderly stone spread the steps, signifies the Tiancheng. Second, the combination of point, line and face. As we all know, Chinese calligraphy is composed of "dot" and "line", while Zhu Yunming's wild grass realizes the combination of "dot, line and surface". Zhu Yunming's "face" also has three aspects, one is "side front", the other is "black face" and "white face", the former is a pen, and the latter two are the rules. Three "face" intersected, natural, "all things negative Yin and embrace Yang, Chong Qi think and." Third, the "dot" of ancient times. What is the "point", the sun and moon hanging, stars-Han full sky, plum blossom, fruitful, new buds, dry spring. The "dot" person, the spirit also, the "point" person, the vitality also. Zhang Xu, Huaisu, Huang Tingjian, Zhu Yunming in the single "points" increase gradually, Huang Tingjian single "points" use has a qualitative change-regular script non-" point "structure into" point ", to Zhu Yunming" Xing Han full sky ", "Haohaotang, the boundless horizon," was respected as the first person in the Ming Dynasty cursive script.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：J292.3

【引证文献】