论加缪的“荒诞”美学

发布时间：2018-04-13 00:14

本文选题：加缪 + 荒诞　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“荒诞感”是蔓延在二十世纪尤其是两次世界大战时人们心灵中的一种无意义感、虚无感。对于荒诞感和荒诞现象的描述有很多,比如萨特的“恶心”、“他人即地狱”,波德莱尔的诗中神圣的天堂等同于黑暗的地狱,达利的画中美丽的纳爱斯被空洞的抽屉穿在身上,艾略特把大地变成了荒原,狄兰·托马斯把天空变成了尸布,加缪认为人是自我的局外人,等等。荒诞,在加缪的术语中又叫“荒谬”。第一章主要阐明加缪荒诞思想的来源,他的荒谬思想不仅来源于他的生活经历,也来源于对帕斯卡尔、海德格尔等存在主义先驱的思想吸收。第二章主要分析荒诞美学的概念和内涵,荒诞绝不仅仅是一种感觉,“荒诞的人”是加缪独有的称呼,人和荒诞是一体的,人无法摆脱荒诞,荒诞感不是一种你某些时刻感觉到而某些时刻感觉不到的“情感”(或者不仅仅是),荒诞不是某种我们“拥有”的东西,而是我们“是”的东西。第三章总结分析人面对荒诞的生存方式,既然人的一生注定是“带着欢笑的悲歌”,面对荒诞何为?加缪号召不应用革命,而用反抗取而代之,反抗的哲学是一种否弃上帝,同时也否弃暴力的哲学；是一种否弃将道义正义与政治有效性结合的哲学。超越荒诞的方法有许多种,有自杀、虚无主义(加缪称为哲学自杀)、革命……加缪认为荒诞是无法超越的,人只能应对。反抗,是加缪应对荒诞的生存哲学。本文从荒诞的内涵、应对荒诞的方式、人的生存归宿等几个方面进行论述,由荒诞感引出荒诞人的生存哲学。
[Abstract]:The sense of absurdity is a sense of nothingness in the hearts of people in the 20th century, especially in the two world wars.There are many descriptions of absurdity and absurdity, such as Sartre's "nausea," "the other is hell," and Baudelaire's poem of divine heaven equals the dark one.In Dali's painting, the beautiful Nice is worn by empty drawers, Eliot turns the earth into a wasteland, Dylan Thomas turns the sky into a corpse, Camus thinks that man is an outsider to himself, and so on.Absurdity, in Camus's jargon, is also called "absurd".The first chapter mainly expounds the source of Camus' absurd thought. His absurd thought comes not only from his life experience, but also from the absorption of Existentialism pioneers such as Pascal and Heidegger.The second chapter mainly analyzes the concept and connotation of absurd aesthetics. Absurdity is not just a kind of feeling. "absurd person" is Camus's unique name. Man and absurdity are one, and people can't get rid of absurdity.Absurdity is not an "emotion" that you feel at some times, but not something you don't feel at some point (or not just something). Absurdity is not something we "have", it's something we "are".The third chapter summarizes and analyzes the way people live in the face of absurdity. Since one's life is destined to be a "sad song with laughter", what is the purpose of facing absurdity?Camus called not to use revolution, but to replace it with revolt. The philosophy of resistance is not to abandon God, but also not to abandon violence; it is a philosophy that combines moral justice with political validity.There are many ways to transcend absurdity, suicide, nihilism (Camus called philosophical suicide, revolution.Camus believes that absurdity is insurmountable and that one can only deal with it.Resistance is Camus' survival philosophy to deal with absurdity.This paper discusses the connotation of absurdity, the way to deal with absurdity, the fate of man's existence and so on, and leads to the philosophy of absurd man's existence from the sense of absurdity.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I01

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