胡塞尔的先验现象学与诗歌审美意象的生成

发布时间：2018-04-13 18:21

本文选题：诗的审美意象 + 意向性　；参考：《河南大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 诗是一种先验现象学的意识。诗在被显现的同时得以构成,并非主客二分。因主客二分的意象只是被动且机械地显示在场的物理事物和抽象理念,而非不在场的情感世界,它必须被超越为纯意识。从柏拉图到康德以至黑格尔的传统西方哲学日益趋向主客对立统一。他们认为主客彼此外在,也可通过想象力这一桥梁合一,这就是主客二分。以康德为代表的主客二分式的诗意象是想象力在既定的理性观念范围之内产生的无数个感性形象中最能表现理念的那一个,是“最高度”。康德的意谓到此为止,因为他说,就连荷马那样的诗人也不知审美意象是如何形成的。难道诗的意象只是因表现而生成,并不是构成的吗?它们能彼此相通而丰满和生成吗? 作为诗的灵魂,胡塞尔的先验现象学打破了诗的分离状态,通过意向性、还原、直观和交互主体性实现了诗的构成。在诗的自由想象中,意识的变更使得意象最容易清晰和生成。诗显现了一个生活世界,是在场与不在场的情意世界的合一并因饱满和自明而产生。诗意通过在场显现不在场,因而,诗是纯意识,并指向不在场。诗的审美意象不仅是纯意识的结果,而且是其原素。然而,主客二分的诗却指向在场的物理实体或抽象理念,因而必然会失去活力。生活世界意为“天人合一”。在这一点上,胡塞尔,海德格尔、德里达等都是一脉相承的。尽管胡塞尔没有明说,但他的生活世界已暗指了这一学说。海德格尔发展了胡塞尔的学说,并且说“人诗意地栖居”。据此,本文分七章论述了诗的本源性构成及其对主客二分的超越。第一章属于论文的引言部分,介绍了论文目前的研究范围,胡塞尔具有代表性的现象学经典著作中的基本原理,胡塞尔关于语言意义和诗的观点,现象学对于研究诗的意义及本论文的结构。第二章论述胡塞尔关于语义和诗的观点。诗的诸意象是不是只表现依存性而非相互能动地构成呢?胡塞尔认为语言意思是意向性和直观地构成的,是互通从而可以独立的。语义因其本身具有普遍性和独立性,所以在还原直接经验后可充当纯意识。诗通过现象学纯意识而生成。诗的意象只能是相通地能动地构成,并非机械地被动地表现而生。第三章论述先验现象学的核心——意向性。语义的普遍性及其特性说明了必
[Abstract]:Poetry is a transcendental phenomenological consciousness.Poetry is formed at the same time as it is revealed, not between the subject and the object.Because the image of the dichotomy of subject and object is only passively and mechanically displays the physical things and abstract ideas of the presence, rather than the emotional world of absence, it must be transcended as pure consciousness.The traditional western philosophy from Plato to Kant and Hegel tends to unity of opposites and opposites.They think that the subject and the object can be combined with each other through the bridge of imagination, which is the dichotomy of the subject and the object.The poetic meaning of the subject-object dichotomy represented by Kant is the "highest level" of the innumerable perceptual images produced by the imagination within the scope of a given rational concept.Kant meant to end there because, he said, even a poet like Homer did not know how aesthetic images were formed.Is it that the image of a poem is formed only by its expression, not by its composition?Can they communicate with each other and be plump and generated?As the soul of poetry Husserl's transcendental phenomenology broke the separation state of poetry and realized the composition of poetry through intentionality reversion intuition and intersubjectivity.In the free imagination of poetry, the change of consciousness makes the image most easily clear and generated.Poetry reveals a living world, the unity of the presence and absence of the emotional world, and full and self-evident.Poetry shows absence through presence, so poetry is pure consciousness and points to alibi.The aesthetic image of poetry is not only the result of pure consciousness, but also its element.However, the subject-object dichotomies point to the physical entity or abstract idea of the presence, and will inevitably lose vitality.The world of life means "the unity of man and nature".At this point, Husserl, Heidegger, Derrida and so on are the same lineage.Although Husserl did not make it clear, his life world had alluded to this doctrine.Heidegger developed Husserl's theory and said that "man lives poetically".Based on this, this paper discusses the origin of poetry in seven chapters and its transcendence to the dichotomy of subject and object.The first chapter is the introduction of the paper, which introduces the current research scope, the basic principles of Husserl's representative classic works of phenomenology, Husserl's views on the meaning of language and poetry.The significance of phenomenology to the study of poetry and the structure of this thesis.Chapter two discusses Husserl's views on semantics and poetry.Are the images of poetry composed only by dependence rather than by interaction?Husserl believes that language meaning is intensely and intuitively constructed and interlinked so that it can be independent.Semantics, because of its universality and independence, can act as pure consciousness after restoring direct experience.Poetry is generated by phenomenological pure consciousness.The imagery of poetry can only be composed by communicating and moving, not mechanically and passively.The third chapter discusses the core of transcendental phenomenology-intentionality.The universality of semantics and its characteristics explain the necessity.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：I01

【引证文献】