接受美学视角下《红楼梦》三个英译本中灯谜翻译的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 17:07

本文选题：《红楼梦》 + 接受美学　；参考：《西南交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《红楼梦》作为中国古典文学的巅峰之作,自面世以来,吸引了国内外无数的学者和读者对其进行研究。其中对《红楼梦》各种英译本的研究已然成为“红学”重要组成部分。相对于很多节译本而言,由邦索尔,霍克思翁婿和杨宪益夫妇翻译的三个全译本胜在全面,尤其是对《红楼梦》里那些充满雅趣又体现主要人物性格特征的诗、词、曲、赋等的翻译,更是节译本无法比拟的。其中,传统而精致的灯谜不仅是小说文本的组成部分,而且在揭示人物命运、展现人物形象和反映时代文化、精神生活等方面起着重要作用。而能否成功地翻译《红楼梦》中的灯谜,势必会影响该书在英语世界里的传播和接受。接受理论认为任何文学文本都蕴藏着很多的不定点和空白点,都具有一种召唤结构,而每个读者在阅读前都有自己的期待视野。读者阅读的过程就是确定文本未定点的过程,即带着自己的期待视野融入到文本的过程。只有当读者的期待视野和文本达到融合后,文本才能被接受,才具有意义。因此,译者首先要使自己的期待视野和源语文本融合,然后在充分考虑译语读者的期待视野的基础上确定翻译策略和方法,这样才能打造一个能使译语读者期待视野融入其中的译语文本。就《红楼梦》而言,文本中的灯谜大多数以绝句的形式出现,蕴含深厚的文化内涵。如何使译语读者感受到这些中国传统灯谜的音律美、形式美及意义上的谜底与谜面的巧妙扣合,使读者期待视野和译语文本融合,进而使译语文本得到很好的接受,最后达到传播源语文本的目的,这对译者来说无疑是巨大的挑战。本文首先具体阐述了接受理论的起源和主要观点以及其对文学翻译的启示,进而把接受理论引入《红楼梦》的灯谜英译研究中。然后考察了《红楼梦》中灯谜的特征和作用,及翻译灯谜时可能会碰到的困难。紧接着,作者对比分析了三位译者在两次视野融合过程中的不同表现。首先,从三位译者的期待视野出发,对比研究了第一次视野融合过程,译者如何理解和阐释源文本,将其期待视野与源语文本融合；其次,作者考察了三位译者在翻译过程对译语读者期待视野的关照程度。比较分析了三位译者如何在充分考虑译语读者的期待视野的前提条件下,再现源语文本的美学特征,尽可能使译本符合译语读者的接受水平和期待视视野,便于他们接受,但同时又保留源语文本的部分不确定因素,使得译本也成为召唤结构,激励读者积极参与,重构文本意义。最后,本文通过对比得出结论：霍克思在最大程度上实现了与源语文本视野融合,充分考虑到了译语读者的期待视野,成功地再现了灯谜的音美、形美和意美。杨宪益夫妇凭借其渊博的中文知识,成功实现第一次视野融合。但在翻译灯谜的的过程中,因过度强调通过翻译来传播中国文化的目的,将忠实于源语文本作为首要目标,部分程度上忽略了译语读者的阅读习惯、接受水平等。从接受理论的角度看,杨宪益夫妇的译本没有霍克思译本成功。邦索尔的译本存在两大缺憾：第一,他虽然耗费了大量的精力和心血独自完成了整本书的翻译工作,但由于缺少与其他《红楼梦》学者的交流,他的翻译没能成功将其期待视野和源语文本融合;第二,他采用了绝对忠实的翻译策略,基本上忽略了译语读者的期待视野。因此,就灯谜翻译而言,邦索尔译本不易被译语读者所接受。在接受理论的视角下,《红楼梦》三个英译本中灯谜翻译的比较研究不仅有助于丰富和拓展接受理论的研究领域,而且有助于分析邦索尔译本、霍克思翁婿译本和杨宪益夫妇译本的区别性特征,促进《红楼梦》翻译研究的多样化和深入化。
[Abstract]:"A dream of Red Mansions" as China classical literature masterpiece, since the launch, has attracted many scholars and readers to study it. The research on "English version of a dream of Red Mansions" all has become an important part of "Redology". Compared to many festival versions, by Bonsall, Hawkes and Yang Xianyi wengxu a couple of translation of the three versions wins in full, especially for those "elegance and reflects the main character of the poem, a dream of Red Mansions" in the words of Qu Fu, translation, translation is more Festival incomparable. Among them, the traditional and exquisite lantern riddles is not only a part of the text of the novel, and reveal the fate of the characters in the show, characters and reflect the contemporary culture, plays an important role in the spiritual life. And whether the translation of "a dream of Red Mansions" in the lantern riddles successfully, it will influence the book in the English world spread and accept.
The theory holds that any literary text contains a lot of blanks and indeterminacies has an appealing structure, and each has its own readers' horizon of expectations before reading. Reading process is to determine the process of text is not fixed, with their own expectations view into the text of the process only. When the reader's horizon of expectation and the text to reach after the fusion of text can be accepted, it has significance. Therefore, the translator should make their own vision and source text fusion, and then considering the target readers' horizon of expectations is determined on the translation strategies and methods, so as to create a can make the target language the target text readers' horizon of expectations into them. As "a dream of Red Mansions", in the text in the form of lantern riddles most quatrains, the profound cultural connotation. How to make the readers feel the China Temperament America traditional lantern riddles, clever and formal beauty and mystery riddle buckle on the significance of the combination, the reader's horizon of expectation and target text fusion, and then make the translated text has been well received, and finally achieve the purpose of dissemination of the source text, this is undoubtedly a huge challenge to the translator.
This paper firstly expounds the origin and main ideas of reception theory and Its Enlightenment on translation, and the translation of lantern riddles accept theory into "a dream of Red Mansions". Then examines the characteristics and functions of "a dream of Red Mansions" in the lantern riddles, may encounter difficulties when translation and lantern riddles. Then, author comparative analysis of the different performance of the three translators in the two visual fusion process. First of all, starting from the three translator's horizon of expectations, a comparative study of the first vision fusion process, the translator can understand and interpret the source text, the horizon of expectations and the source language fusion; secondly, the author examines the degree of care three the translator's horizon of expectations of target readers in the translation process. The comparative analysis of the three translators to considering the conditions of the TL readers' expectation horizon, aesthetic characteristics of reproduction of the source text as much as possible to make the translation This conforms to the target language readers' acceptance level and look for vision, they accept, but also retain the source text some uncertain factors, makes the translation has become appealing structure, encouraging readers to actively participate in the reconstruction of the meaning of the text. Finally, through the comparison of the conclusion that Hawkes achieves the maximum extent of fusion and the source text view, give full consideration to the target readers' horizon of expectation, the successful reproduction of lantern riddles of sound, shape and meaning beauty. Yang Xianyi and his wife Chinese by virtue of its profound knowledge, the successful implementation of the first vision fusion. But in the translation of the Lantern Riddles in the process, due to excessive emphasis to spread China culture through translation the purpose will be faithful to the source text as the primary goal, partly ignored the target readers' reading habits, accept level. From the perspective of reception theory, the translation of Yang Xianyifu and not Hawkes's success. Bonsall's version has two defects: first, although he spent a lot of energy and effort alone to complete the whole book translation work, but due to the lack of "a dream of Red Mansions" and other scholars of communication, his translation have not succeeded in the horizon of expectation and the source language fusion; second, he the absolutely faithful translation strategy, basically ignored the target reader's horizon of expectations. Therefore, on the translation of the lantern riddles, Bonsall's translation is not easy to be accepted by the target readers. In an interview from the perspective of the theory of "a dream of Red Mansions" in the three English versions of the comparative study on the translation of the lantern riddles not only helps to enrich and to expand the research field accepted theory, and is helpful to the analysis of Bonsall's version, Hawkes's version and Yang Xianyi couple wengxu versions of distinctive features, promote the diversification of "a dream of Red Mansions" in translation studies and in-depth.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

【参考文献】