世界之轴：弗莱文学理论的基石

发布时间：2018-05-07 23:21

本文选题：世界之轴 + 思维模式　；参考：《东北师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 诺思洛普·弗莱(Northrop Frye ,1912——1991)是加拿大也是英语国家20世纪最著名的文学批评家之一。20世纪八十年代以来,随着国内学术界对原型批评理论的关注,弗莱作为原型理论的主要代表人物逐渐进入学者们的研究视野,尤其是近几年我国的弗莱研究已开始与国际弗莱研究接轨,并取得了巨大成就。但是,仅仅站在某一流派的狭窄视域来考察弗莱这样一位著述甚丰,学术历程漫长的批评家是远远不够的。为此,笔者试图结合弗莱独特的宗教背景和学术经历,通过对其思维模式的把握,来探究其整个文学批评理论和批评实践。本论文的出发点是从弗莱对英国诗人威廉·布莱的研究入手,在研究布莱克的过程中,弗莱发现正是“世界之轴”的精神结构将《圣经》隐喻系统与文学隐喻系统统一起来。由此,弗莱依据这一精神结构,形成了其感知世界和理解上帝的独特方式,并将想象力作为其理论的核心推置至高无上的地位。弗莱的全部文学理论都是建立在以“世界之轴”为基础的思维模式之上的,“世界之轴”既形成了弗莱文学批评的概念框架,又建构了弗莱文学批评的文化背景。因此在弗莱学术生涯的后期,他将全部精力都投入到对“世界之轴”的源头——《圣经》的研究中去。弗莱对西方文学本源的研究不仅展示了《圣经》自身内部结构的同一性,还探究了《圣经》与西方文学的同一性。另外,弗莱对西方文学作品的批评实践也构成了一种以“世界之轴”为框架,由具体作家、作品组织起来的“原型宇宙”文学演变史。这篇论文的目标就是要从思维模式的角度来研究弗莱的文学批评理论和文学批评实践。弗莱的全部思想之所以都以“世界之轴”的精神结构为逻辑起点,就在于这种源自创世神话的宇宙模式对人类世界作了全面的观照,包容了一切人类关心的终极问题。这就为弗莱提供了一个纵深的眼光,使他能够在作为一个整体的文明中观照文学。正是在这个意义上,我们才认为弗莱是现代和后现代之间承上启下的重要人物,高踞于自己时代之上的巨人。
[Abstract]:Northrop Frye (1912-1991) is one of Canada's most famous literary critics in the 20th century. Fry, as the main representative of archetype theory, has gradually entered the research field of scholars, especially in recent years, the study of Frye in China has begun to connect with the international research on Frye, and has made great achievements. However, it is far from enough for a critic with a long academic history to study Fry from a narrow perspective of a certain school. Therefore, the author tries to explore his whole theory and practice of literary criticism through the understanding of his mode of thinking in the light of Fry's unique religious background and academic experience. The starting point of this thesis is to start with Frye's study of British poet William Bly. In the course of studying Blake, Frye finds that it is the spiritual structure of the Axis of the World that unifies the metaphor system of the Bible and the system of literary metaphor. Thus, according to this spiritual structure, Frye formed his unique way of perceiving the world and understanding God, and placed imagination as the core of his theory. All of Frye's literary theories are based on the mode of thinking based on the axis of the world, which not only forms the conceptual framework of Frye's literary criticism, but also constructs the cultural background of Fry's literary criticism. So later in his academic career, he devoted all his energy to the study of the source of the Axis of the World, the Bible. Frye's study of the origin of Western literature not only shows the identity of the internal structure of Bible, but also explores the identity between Bible and Western literature. In addition, Frye's criticism of Western literary works also constitutes a literary evolution history of the "prototype Universe", which is organized by specific writers and works within the framework of "the Axis of the World". The aim of this thesis is to study Frye's literary criticism theory and literary criticism practice from the perspective of thinking mode. The logical starting point of Frye's whole thought is that the cosmic model, which originated from the creation myth, takes the spiritual structure of "the Axis of the World" as the logical starting point, and it contains all the ultimate problems concerned by mankind. This provides Fry with a deep insight into literature in a civilization as a whole. It is in this sense that we consider Fry to be an important figure in his own time.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I06

【引证文献】