图像时代的美学批判

发布时间：2018-10-26 22:10

【摘要】： 在当今的这个图像时代，美学呈现“虚对真的谮越”以及“欲望混同为感性”的特点。而正是由于这些特点，美学成了商业利益、意识形态以及无良行为的帮凶。本论文指出，商业、意识形态以及非道德行为利用美学，无非有两个伎俩：造假和纵欲，造假指的是“仿像”的大量增殖，纵欲指的是对于欲望的不加约束。只有坚持“真实先行”和“穿越欲望”的主体之我，图像时代的美学才能步入正轨。前言部分，本论文试图从文学内部和美学维度找出文学出现危机的原因，指出从虚构到构虚乃是当今文学面临危机的根本原因。而作为顶替文学成为当今主导文化形态的图像文化也同样面临着这样的威胁，“真实不在场”的“仿像”以及由此带来的“欲望美学”正使得图像时代的美学成为商业利益、意识形态以及道德感缺失的工具和借口。第一章从横向和纵向两个角度对“图像转向”问题进行说明和论证，旨在通过传统与现代审美观的比较，得出了图像时代的美学特征：虚与欲，为后面的批判提供靶子。第二章，论证这种审美观念与经济的共谋关系。揭示广告的迷魂术，解码文化经济，，探讨了电子游戏的生财之道。第三章主要论证这种美学观念与意识形态的关系。在这种美学观念的演化下，感性冲动和人性欲望由美学的解放力量变成了新式意识形态的利用工具，图像成为了一种权力。商品拜物教由此产生了，文化霸权者在人们理性自我和历史之我的瓦解中大举入侵了。第四章论证图像的这种美学观念对道德的戕害。模糊了虚幻和真实的审美，使得人性和欲望的展现过于地赤裸和自私，它颠倒了快乐和现实原则的审美观念，导致人们在个体狂欢中跨越了道德的边界，酒神精神变质了。在这样的状况下，暴力和性爱只是彻彻底底的快感而已。第五章，从破题到立题，从驳论到立论。认真审思海德格尔“世界被把握为图像”的意思，从中得出“虚拟”与“真实”的正确关系以及“主体之我”和“欲望之我”的区别。由此得出，在图像时代现实才是“先行”的因素，而非“仿像的先行”；只有坚定人的主体性，图像媒介才能真正成为“人的延伸”。
[Abstract]:In this image age, aesthetics presents the characteristics of "virtual versus real Zen" and "desire mixed with sensibility". Because of these characteristics, aesthetics has become an accomplice to commercial interests, ideology and unscrupulous behavior. This paper points out that commercial, ideological and immoral behavior use aesthetics, there are only two tricks: fraud and indulgence, fraud refers to the "imitation" of a large number of proliferation, even refers to the unfettered desire. Only by adhering to the subject of "reality first" and "crossing desire", the aesthetics of the image age can be put on the right track. In the preface, this paper tries to find out the causes of the crisis in literature from the perspective of literature and aesthetics, and points out that the fundamental reason for the crisis of literature is from fiction to hypocrisy. The image culture, as a substitute for literature, has become the dominant cultural form of the present day, and the image culture is also facing such a threat. The "real alibi" and the "desire aesthetics" brought about by it are making the aesthetics of the image age a commercial benefit. The lack of ideological and moral tools and excuses. The first chapter explains and demonstrates the problem of "image turning" from the horizontal and vertical angles, aiming at the aesthetic characteristics of the image age: hypocrisy and desire through the comparison between traditional and modern aesthetic standards, which provides a target for the latter criticism. The second chapter, demonstrates this kind of esthetic idea and the economic collusion relations. This paper reveals the enchantment of advertisement, decode the culture and economy, and probes into the ways of making money in video games. The third chapter mainly demonstrates the relationship between this aesthetic concept and ideology. Under the evolution of this aesthetic concept, the emotional impulse and human desire changed from aesthetic liberating force to the new ideological utilization tool, and the image became a kind of power. Commodity fetishism came into being, and cultural hegemonists invaded in the disintegration of the rational self and the self of history. Chapter four demonstrates the harm to morality caused by the aesthetic idea of image. It obscures the illusion and the real aesthetics, which makes the human nature and desire too naked and selfish. It reverses the aesthetic concept of happiness and realistic principle, and leads people to cross the boundary of morality in individual carnival, and the spirit of Dionysus deteriorates. In such a situation, violence and sex are just sheer pleasure. The fifth chapter, from the problem to the problem, from refutation to argument. Considering the meaning of Heidegger's "the world being grasped as an image", the correct relationship between "virtual" and "reality" and the difference between "subject's self" and "desire's self" are drawn from the meaning of Heidegger's "world being grasped as image". It is concluded that in the image age, the reality is the "first" factor, not the "antecedent of the image", and that only by strengthening the subjectivity of the human, can the image media become the "extension of the human being".
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：I01

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