从朱丽叶，克里斯汀和繁漪比较研究悲剧的死亡主题

发布时间：2018-03-14 13:07

本文选题：死亡主题　切入点：古希腊悲剧　出处：《河南科技大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西方文学的源头是古希腊悲剧,到了文艺复兴时期,西方悲剧达到了第二个发展高潮,此时莎士比亚是个成功的承接。西方悲剧在17世纪和18世纪分别经历了古典主义和欧洲启蒙运动的发展,并在19世纪产生了悲剧人物形象理论。到了20世纪,西方悲剧形成了马克思、恩格斯的悲剧人物形象理论。本文将从东西方文学作品中选取三个典型悲剧女性:莎士比亚的戏剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中的朱丽叶,尤金·奥尼尔的戏剧《悲悼》中的克里斯汀,及曹禺的话剧《雷雨》中的繁漪。这三个研究对象是我深思熟虑和细致筛选的结果。首先,这三个研究对象均是女性。纵观历史,女性在社会上一直被赋予不寻常的地位,她们的起伏在某种程度上反映了其所处环境中的社会和文化习俗。其次,这三个对象均是人们耳熟能详的女性。她们的存在并不是孤立的个案,而是同时期众多女性中所涌现的典型形象,所以分析和研究她们,具有积极的社会意义。第三,在文学批评中,对于女性形象的研究向来受到推崇,而这三个对象的生存状态,作为当时社会的一种微观反映,本身就见证了已逝的历史并预见了未来。最后,作为一名女学生,我能够从女性角度更好地理解这三个对象,从而更好地理解作者在剧本中的场景设置。本文分为六部分。绪论部分简单介绍比较文学及其在本文中的应用,并解释选择研究对象的依据。正文第一部分研究死亡主题和古希腊悲剧,分别讨论死亡主题与酒神精神的关系及其在社会生活中的表现。正文第二部分研究文艺复兴时期的悲剧理论,着重探讨古希腊悲剧精神在文艺复兴时期的延续,在朱丽叶身上的体现,并如何通过她进行传承。正文第三部分比较研究朱丽叶,克里斯汀和繁漪。通过个人、社会因素及二者的冲突三个方面展现选择这三个研究对象的必要性和意义。朱丽叶是西方悲剧和反抗意识的集中体现,从朱丽叶引出中西文学的两条线,把克里斯汀和繁漪当作这种文学传统的典型。她们二者和朱丽叶的命运结局相似,同样带给读者浓厚的悲剧冲击和感受。正文第四部分研究死亡主题在这三个对象身上的体现。酒神精神在这三个对象身上均有表现;同时,通过精神分析理论,可以在这三者身上找到恋父、恋母情结的作用力。第六部分为结论,指出:悲剧理论历经发展变化,悲剧意识的表现形式复杂多样,悲剧中人物的死亡原因错综复杂,甚至连死亡形式都发生了改变,但是悲剧的死亡主题及其张力还是一脉相承的。
[Abstract]:The source of western literature is the tragedy of ancient Greece. By the Renaissance, the western tragedy reached its second climax. In 17th century and 18th century, respectively, Western tragedies experienced the development of classicism and the European Enlightenment, and the theory of tragic characters came into being in 19th century. Western tragedies formed Marx and Engels' theory of tragic characters. This article will choose three typical tragic women from the works of Eastern and Western Literature: Juliet in Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet, and Christine in Eugene O'Neill 's Drama "mourning". And Fan Yi in Cao Yu's drama thunderstorm. These three research subjects were the result of my careful consideration and careful screening. First of all, these three subjects were all women. Throughout history, women have been given unusual status in society. Their ups and downs reflect, to some extent, the social and cultural customs of their environment. Secondly, these three objects are familiar women. Their existence is not an isolated case. It is a typical image of many women in the same period, so it is of positive social significance to analyze and study them. Third, in literary criticism, the study of female image has always been respected, and the living state of these three objects, As a microcosmic reflection of the society at the time, I witnessed the past and foresaw the future. Finally, as a female student, I was able to better understand these three objects from a female perspective. In order to better understand the author in the script of the scene settings. This paper is divided into six parts. The introduction introduces comparative literature and its application in this paper, and explains the basis for choosing the object of study. The first part of the text studies the theme of death and the tragedy of ancient Greece. This paper discusses the relationship between the theme of death and the spirit of Dionysus and its manifestation in social life. The second part of the text studies the theory of tragedy in the Renaissance period, focusing on the continuation of the tragic spirit of ancient Greece in the Renaissance period. The embodiment in Juliet, and how to pass on through her. The third part of the text comparative study of Juliet, Christine and Fanyi. Through the individual, Social factors and their conflicts reveal the necessity and significance of choosing these three objects of study. Juliet is a concentrated embodiment of western tragedy and consciousness of resistance, leading to two lines of Chinese and Western literature from Juliet. Kristen and Fanyi are typical of this literary tradition. They share the same fate as Juliet. The 4th part of the text studies the embodiment of the theme of death in these three objects. The spirit of Dionysus is manifested in these three objects. At the same time, through the theory of psychoanalysis, We can find the force of love for father and mother in these three parts. 6th is the conclusion. It points out that the tragic theory has gone through the development and change, the forms of tragic consciousness are complicated and the causes of death of the characters in tragedy are complicated. Even the form of death has changed, but the tragic theme of death and its tension are in the same vein.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I0-03;I106.3

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