中国主体性何以丧失:新文化运动以来外国文学译介的另一后果

发布时间：2018-05-15 05:07

本文选题：欧美文学译介 + 文学观　；参考：《中国文学研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：自新文化运动以降,从士大夫转化而来的知识分子抱着救国、锻造新文学、塑造新国民等宏大目的,以虔诚之心、亦步亦趋地把欧美各国分别确定的经典视为世界文学经典而大力译介,唯恐译介过程中在字词句上失去了原作的准确性,结果提供了远离英、法、俄、德、美等文学大国之历史真相的文学知识,彰显了其他国家的文学史观,甚至原本是虚构性的文学作品及其主人公言行得到中国读者的广泛践行,进而导致中国传统文学所表达的审美惯例及伦理要求被瓦解,中国主体性被自觉地失落。其实,中国的所谓"世界文学"经典,在欧美各国多指用其国语书写的文学,目的是为民众构建民族认同、彰显自己国家的伟大;相应的,现代中国形成和发展过程应充分运用自身丰富的传统文学资源,以有效构筑中华民族认同、建构有审美传统依据的生活秩序,而不是用外来文学替代、诋毁、颠覆既有的文学体系及其所包蕴的伦理、美学。
[Abstract]:Since the New Culture Movement, intellectuals transformed from the literati and officials held the grand purpose of saving the country, forging new literature, shaping new people, and so on, in order to be pious. The classics determined by various countries in Europe and the United States were regarded as world literary classics and vigorously translated, lest the veracity of the original works be lost in the process of translating and introducing words and phrases, thus providing a distance away from English, French, Russian, German, The literary knowledge of the historical truth of the United States and other literary powers shows the views of other countries on the history of literature, even the fictitious literary works and their protagonists' words and deeds, which have been widely practiced by Chinese readers. Thus, the aesthetic convention and ethical requirements expressed by Chinese traditional literature are disintegrated, and Chinese subjectivity is consciously lost. In fact, the so-called "world literature" classics in China refer to literature written in their own national languages in Europe and the United States, in order to build a national identity for the people and to highlight the greatness of their own country. The formation and development of modern China should make full use of its rich traditional literature resources in order to effectively construct the identity of the Chinese nation and the order of life based on aesthetic tradition, instead of replacing and vilifying with foreign literature. Subversion of the existing literary system and its implication of ethics, aesthetics.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学文学院;华东师范大学国际关系与地区发展研究院;
【分类号】：H059;I046

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