原型批评视域下伊丽莎白和白流苏的“灰姑娘情结”研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 14:03

本文选题：原型 + 原型批评　；参考：《中央民族大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 原型批评是二十世纪文学批评的一个十分重要的流派,它的产生和发展是同英国人类学家弗雷泽和瑞士心理学家荣格以及加拿大文化批评家弗莱密不可分的。弗雷泽详细探究了世界各地原始部族的神话和仪式所体现的原型意义,荣格则将其“集体无意识”理论应用于原型研究,弗莱在继承弗雷泽和荣格的原型理论基础上,进一步强化了原型批评作为一种文学批评理论的地位,并着力研究了一些反复出现在不同文学背景中的原型的原始意义和它们在形成共同文学经验中所起的作用。简·奥斯丁是一位有着“无与伦比”美誉的英国小说大师,而张爱玲则是中国现代文学史上的重要作家,她们虽然隶属于不同的时代,不同的国度,但她们都是著名的女性作家,她们作品的主人公无一例外也是女性,内容主要是女性的爱情与婚姻。本文通过对《灰姑娘》童话故事的主要特征进行研究,并分析了简·奥斯丁和张爱玲的生活背景和人生经历,发现简·奥斯丁和张爱玲都是“灰姑娘”式的人物。再利用原型批评理论和文本析读的方法,解读简·奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》和张爱玲的《倾城之恋》,发现作者对女主人公伊丽莎白和白流苏的爱情婚姻故事的描述,都应用了“灰姑娘”故事的原型。奥斯丁和张爱玲借用“灰姑娘”童话故事的主题、人物和情节结构,让伊丽莎白和白流苏的婚姻故事再现了“灰姑娘”的婚姻模式,伊丽莎白和白流苏都具有“灰姑娘情结”。但是,伊丽莎白和白流苏的“灰姑娘情结”并不是对“灰姑娘”故事原型的简单模仿与传承,而是被赋予了丰富的历史内容和鲜明的时代色彩,伊丽莎白和白流苏表面上虽没有对男权社会做出反抗、颠覆,但潜意识里都具有女性主体意识,因此,伊丽莎白和白流苏的“灰姑娘情结”是对“灰姑娘”原型的突破与超越,这是二者“灰姑娘情结”的共同点。然而分析伊丽莎白和白流苏对婚姻的追求,她们的“灰姑娘情结”又存在着不同点,伊丽莎白追求的是男女双方的真挚感情是缔结理想婚姻的基石,她的婚姻观是一种积极向上、爱情平等的婚姻观,因此伊丽莎白的“灰姑娘情结”是对“灰姑娘”原型的修正。白流苏在情感上表现出对滥情的嘲弄以及对浪漫爱情的不信任,超出了男性所期待的女性形象,张爱玲对白流苏的刻画是一种叛离式的女性写作,是以冷峻的笔锋对女性的生活困难和疑惑进行的阐释,白流苏的婚姻是与爱情不平等、相背离的婚姻。因此,白流苏的“灰姑娘情结”是对“灰姑娘”原型的颠覆。
[Abstract]:Archetypal criticism is a very important school of literary criticism in the 20th century. Its emergence and development are closely related to the English anthropologist Fraser, Swiss psychologist Jung and Canadian cultural critic Fry. Fraser explores in detail the archetypal meaning embodied in the mythology and rituals of primitive tribes around the world, while Jung applies his "collective unconscious" theory to archetypal research. Frye inherits the archetypal theory of Fraser and Jung. It further strengthens the position of archetypal criticism as a literary criticism theory and studies the original meaning of some archetypes which appear repeatedly in different literary backgrounds and their role in forming common literary experience. Jane Austen is an "unparalleled" British novelist, while Zhang Ailing is an important writer in the history of modern Chinese literature, although they belong to different times and different countries. But they are all famous female writers, and the protagonists of their works are all women, whose contents are mainly women's love and marriage. This paper studies the main characteristics of the fairy tales of Cinderella and analyzes the life background and experience of Jane Austen and Zhang Ailing. It is found that Jane Austen and Zhang Ailing are both Cinderella characters. Using the archetypal criticism theory and the method of text analysis, the author interprets Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice and Zhang Ailing's Love of the City, and finds the author's description of the love and marriage story of the heroine Elizabeth and White tassel. Both use the prototype of the Cinderella story. Austen and Zhang Ailing borrow the theme, characters and plot structure of Cinderella's fairy tale, which makes Elizabeth and Paik tassel's marriage story reproduce the marriage pattern of Cinderella. Both Elizabeth and Whitestream have "Cinderella complex". However, Elizabeth and White tassel's "Cinderella complex" is not a simple imitation and inheritance of the "Cinderella" story prototype, but has been endowed with rich historical content and distinctive color of the times. Although Elizabeth and White tassel did not resist and subvert the patriarchal society on the surface, they all had the consciousness of female subject in their subconscious mind. Therefore, Elizabeth and White tassel's "Cinderella complex" is a breakthrough and transcendence to the archetype of Cinderella. This is the two Cinderella complex in common. However, the analysis of Elizabeth and White tassel's pursuit of marriage shows that their "Cinderella complex" is different. Elizabeth's pursuit of sincere feelings between men and women is the cornerstone of an ideal marriage. Her concept of marriage is a positive and equal view of love, so Elizabeth's Cinderella complex is a revision of the archetype of Cinderella. White tassel shows emotional ridicule and distrust of romantic love, which exceeds the female image expected by men. Zhang Ailing portrays the white tassel as a renegade female writing. It is an interpretation of the difficulties and doubts of women's life with a cold pen. White tassel's marriage is a marriage which is not equal to love and deviates from it. Therefore, Bai Fisu's Cinderella complex is a subversion of Cinderella's archetype.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：I0-03;I106

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