弗洛伊德人格理论视角下《夜访吸血鬼》中人物形象路易的解读

发布时间：2018-01-05 14:15

本文关键词：弗洛伊德人格理论视角下《夜访吸血鬼》中人物形象路易的解读　出处：《广西大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：安妮·赖斯作为美国当代最著名的吸血鬼小说作家之一,被吸血鬼痴迷者尊称为“吸血鬼之母”,她的代表作《吸血鬼编年史》也被广大读者视为吸血鬼的圣经。她作品中的吸血鬼不同于以往吸血鬼纯粹的恶魔形象,而被赋予了更多的人文主义色彩,其中于1976年出版的小说《夜访吸血鬼》中的人物路易更是其中典型的代表。本文将从弗洛伊德的人格理论出发,从主人公路易的本我,自我,超我的挣扎来分析主人公路易的人物特征,从赖斯描述的吸血鬼的内心来分析从中折射出的社会现实和社会问题。弗洛伊德在他的人格理论中指出,人格是一个整体,人格中本我,自我,超我互相联系,互相作用,最后在三者之中找到一个平衡,形成一个人的人格。本文将以弗洛伊德的人格理论为基础来分析《夜访吸血鬼》中的路易在本我和超我的斗争下,自我人格形成的过程。本我是人格中最冲动的一个部分,它遵循“唯乐原则”,它的最终目标就是不顾一切地达到自己本能的欲望,从而获得快乐。超我是人格中压抑本我的良心的禁律,它遵循的是“至善原则”,最终目标就是通过压制本我的不良行径让个体变得尽善尽美。而自我作为理智的构成,处于本我,超我与现实世界之间,它遵循的是“唯实原则”,一方面受到本能的驱使,一方面受到超我道德的压制,还要被现实世界所牵绊,它只能在这三者中间艰难地挣扎,最后寻找到一个平衡。安妮·赖斯笔下的路易自从变成了吸血鬼之后,就一直在本我,超我和现实世界三者的不断斗争下艰难地选择着自己的生活方式,直到最后,他的自我也无法寻找到一个真正地平衡,彻底地迷失在自己的人格之中。赖斯笔下路易人格的迷失不仅是路易个人的悲剧,也反映了当时社会的悲剧。赖斯通过对吸血鬼路易人格的挣扎和迷失以及其边缘化的人格带来的痛苦反映了美国人们因为战争带来的灾难而导致的信仰的丧失；反映了因为社会的动乱带给美国人们的身不由已和难以掌控自己的命运的困境；也反映了当时边缘化的人们,如同性恋和艾滋病患者被主流社会所排斥带来的孤独和失落。折射出了当时美国社会中弱势群体的精神状态,同时也呼吁社会给予边缘化的人们更多的关怀。
[Abstract]:Anne Rice is one of the most famous vampire fiction writers in contemporary America, by Vampire Fans known as the "mother of vampires", her masterpiece "Vampire Chronicles > was also regarded as the vampire Bible readers. In her works is different from the previous vampire vampire pure evil image, and is endowed with more humanism in 1976, the publication of the novel < > in interview with the vampire character Louis is a typical representative. This paper from the perspective of Freud's theory of personality, from the hero of Louis's ego, self, characteristics analysis of the protagonist Louis's character over my struggle, from Rice described the vampire's heart from the Perspective of society the reality and the social problems reflected in.
Freud pointed out in his theory of personality, personality is a whole personality of ID, ego and superego are related to each other and interact with each other, and finally find a balance between the three, the formation of a person's personality. Based on Freud's theory of personality based on < > in the interview with the Vampire Louis in ID and the superego struggle under the process of self personality formation. The ID is a part of personality in the impulse, it follows the "pleasure principle", its ultimate goal is to fling caution to the winds the instinctive desires to gain happiness. The superego is personality to suppress the ID in the conscience of the prohibition, it is to follow "the ultimate goal is the ideal principle", by suppressing the bad acts of self make individual become perfect. The ego as a rational form, in the ID, superego and between the real world, it follows the original realism Then, one hand by instinct, a suppressed superego of morality, but also be hampered by the real world, it is only the middle of the three hard struggle, finally finding a balance. Under the pen of Anne Rice since Louis has become a vampire, a straight in the ID, superego and struggle the real world of the three hard to choose their own way of life, until the end of his self, can not find a real balance, completely lost in his own personality.
Under the pen of Rice Louis's personality lost Louis is not only a personal tragedy, but also reflected the social tragedy. Based on Rice Louis's personality struggle and lose its personality and the marginalization of the pain of loss reflects the American people because of the disaster caused by the war of the faith; because of social unrest to reflect the American people shenbuyouyi and difficult to control their own destiny's predicament; also reflect the marginalized people, such as homosexuality and AIDS patients were excluded from the mainstream society, lonely and lost. Reflects the mental state of vulnerable groups in American society at that time, also called on the community to give marginalized people more care.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】