战争、记忆与伤痛：《五号屠

发布时间：2018-02-04 02:35

本文关键词： 战争创伤记忆见证　出处：《重庆大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：尽管库尔特·冯内古特于1945年2月13日在英美盟军策划的德累斯顿大轰炸中侥幸逃生，但其影响却一直萦绕着这位美国未来的黑色幽默小说家，成为挥之不去的阴影。遣返回国后，他就开始着手书写其恐怖经历。但事与愿违，他的写作计划总是频频被直面过去所引起的内心恐惧与力不从心打断，直到以其轰炸经历为题材的半自传性小说《五号屠场》出版。无可置疑，创伤经历留下的阴影成为了阻碍作者构思与创作的元凶，同时，也不可避免地会在作品中留下痕迹。鉴于此，本文运用创伤理论详细地剖析作者冯内古特与小说主人公创伤的病原、发展变化、症状与各自应对创伤的方法。全文共分六章。第一章包括作者库尔特·冯内古特与小说《五号屠场》的介绍、文献综述、论文结构与意义的说明。第二章主要阐释了本文的理论基础，即创伤理论，囊括了其内容、发展历程与在人文学科与文学分析中的应用。第三章从个人与社会的角度研究造成比利与冯内古特战争创伤的根源。比利创伤的诱因主要包括他阴暗的童年、战时恐怖经历与战后颓废消极的生活；而对于冯内古特来说，亲历与目击德累斯顿大轰炸，以及战后社会对于德累斯顿历史真相的否认遗忘则成为导致他本人内心苦痛的主因。第四章则在小说描述与其他相关文献的基础上，分别对比利与冯内古特的创伤症状进行解释与剖析。深受创伤的折磨，比利显示出抑郁病症与典型的创伤后应激障碍的症状，即入侵记忆与逃避；冯内古特本人也受战时噩梦的侵扰，显示出心因性失忆、酗酒和强制性重复的创伤后遗症，给他《五号屠场》的创作带来了重重阻碍。第五章分别论述了比利与冯内古特的创伤疗法与大相径庭的结果：比利为逃避创伤现实而沉迷于塔尔法玛星的幻想，进而深陷宿命论的牢狱；冯内古特则通过有效的写作疗伤与对历史真相无畏的见证，从心理与道德的层面来完成创伤的治愈。最后一章是论文的结论部分。以前文对冯内古特和比利创伤根源、症状与其应对之策的分析为基础，得出战争对人们心灵残酷的摧残与其荒谬、无意义的本质的结论。本论文的分析深刻地剖析了残酷的战争如何戕害摧残了人的本性导致了他们悲剧，促使人们反思战争的本质与其正当性。
[Abstract]:Although Kurt Vonnegut survived the Allied bombing of Dresden on February 13th 1945, its impact has been haunting America's future black humor novelist. A haunting shadow. When he returned home, he began to write about his horrors. But contrary to his wishes, his writing plans were frequently interrupted by the fear and inability to confront the past. Until the semi-autobiographical novel Slaughterhouse No. 5, based on his bombing experience, was published. There is no doubt that the shadow of the traumatic experience has become a major impediment to the author's conception and creation, and at the same time. In view of this, the author uses trauma theory to analyze in detail the pathogen, development, symptoms and ways of dealing with trauma of the author Vonnegut and the protagonist of the novel. The first chapter includes the introduction of author Kurt Vonnegut and the novel "Slaughterhouse No. 5", the literature review, the explanation of the structure and significance of the thesis. The second chapter mainly explains the theoretical basis of this paper. That is, trauma theory, including its content. The third chapter studies the causes of Billy and Vonnegut's war trauma from the angle of individual and society. The inducement of Billy's trauma mainly includes his dark childhood. The experience of terror in wartime and the decadent and negative life after the war; For Vonnegut, he witnessed the Dresden bombing. And the denial of Dresden's historical truth in postwar society becomes the main cause of his inner pain. Chapter 4th is based on the description of the novel and other relevant literature. By comparing the traumatic symptoms of Lee and Vonnegut, Billy showed the symptoms of depression and typical post-traumatic stress disorder, that is, invasive memory and escape. Vonnegut himself has suffered from wartime nightmares, showing the traumatic sequelae of psychogenic amnesia, alcoholism and forced repetition. Chapter 5th discusses the results of Billy and Vonnegut's trauma therapy, which are quite different: Billy indulges in Tarfama's fantasy to escape the reality of trauma. And then sink into the prison of fatalism; Vonnegut treats wounds through effective writing and testifies fearlessly to historical truth. The last chapter is the conclusion of the thesis. The analysis of the root causes, symptoms and coping strategies of Vonnegut and Billy's trauma is based on the analysis of the causes, symptoms and coping strategies of Vonnegut and Billy's trauma. Draw the conclusion that war brutally destroys people's soul and its absurd and meaningless essence. The analysis of this paper deeply analyzes how the cruel war destroys and destroys the human nature, which leads to their tragedy, and urges people to reflect on the nature and legitimacy of war.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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