自由之路—论毛姆小说对现代人如何摆脱精神桎梏的探索

发布时间：2018-03-01 05:13

本文关键词： 毛姆精神危机自由人性枷锁　出处：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在西方文学从传统主义走向现代主义的过度时期,英国作家毛姆通过他不同时期的三本小说《人性的枷锁》、《月亮和六便士》以及《刀锋》,展现了现代人的精神危机并且为其提供了一条摆脱精神枷锁的独特的道路,其作品在读者中有着广泛的影响并且给予人以启发。二十世纪以来,人类思想意识经历了重大的变化,理性主义的发展动摇了人类对上帝和宗教的信仰,在现代人的心中播下了危机的种子；《物种起源》和科技的发展震撼了人类对自我的认识,意识到自己离动物只有一步之遥,而并非是“宇宙之精华,万物之灵长”；最后,两次世界大战和经济的大萧条使现代人理想幻灭,现代人的精神危机愈演愈烈。本文仔细研读毛姆的三本小说,运用了精神分析和叔本华的悲观主义论分析《人性的枷锁》,用加缪的荒谬论来解读《月亮和六便士》,并且分析尼采的超人论在《刀锋》中的体现,展现出19世纪末二十世纪初西方社会的精神危机。同时,本文论述了毛姆在对人性认识不断深入的基础上,对现代人摆脱精神枷锁、获得人性自由的渐进式的探索。
[Abstract]:In the transitional period of western literature from traditionalism to modernism, Maugham, the British writer, through his three novels of different periods, the yoke of humanity, the Moon and Sixpence, and the Blade, reveals the spiritual crisis of modern people and provides it with a unique way to get rid of the shackles of spirit. His works have a wide influence among the readers and give people inspiration. Since 20th century, human ideology has undergone great changes, and the development of rationalism has shaken human belief in God and religion. The seeds of crisis have been sown in the hearts of modern people; the origin of species and the development of science and technology have rocked our understanding of ourselves, realizing that we are only one step away from animals, not "the essence of the universe, the spirit of all things"; and finally, The two world wars and the Great Depression made modern people disillusioned, and their spiritual crisis intensified. This article carefully studies three novels by Maugham, Using psychoanalysis and Schopenhauer's pessimism to analyze the shackles of Human Nature, using Camus's absurdity to interpret the Moon and Sixpence, and analyzing Nietzsche's Superman Theory in the Blade, At the same time, this paper discusses Maugham's gradual exploration of modern people's freedom from spiritual shackles on the basis of deepening understanding of human nature.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

【相似文献】