《时震》中的更替世界

发布时间：2018-03-13 03:34

本文选题：冯内古特　切入点：《时震》　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自60年代以来，后现代主义小说在文学界掀起了一场革命。后现代主义小说的独特之处在于其对更替世界的运用。本文通过对冯内古特的后现代主义小说《时震》中的三种更替世界（作者世界，外来世界，真实世界）的分析，揭示了不同的更替世界之间的联系以及更替世界在后现代主义小说中的作用。在后现代小说中，作者的侵入形成了一个独特的作者世界，透过这一世界，读者可以窥见作者的内心世界，并可参与到作品的创作层面中。读者与作者的关系不再像传统小说中讲述者和听众的关系，而变为共同创作，或者说，创作者与再创作者的关系。作者对语言的运用也更加随意，语言由“工具”变成了“玩具”。如果说作者世界的视角是由内而外，那么外来世界就是由外而内。外来世界是冯内古特常用的更替世界之一，主要描写外星世界，元素世界等异于人类世界的层面。外来世界看似打破了小说原本连贯结构和读者原本连贯的思路，但正是这一世界使小说更加全面，主题更加丰满。尽管后现代作家不像现实主义作家和现代主义作家那样，试图在作品中“再现”现实，但一切文学创作都是为了反映现实，后现代小说也不例外，只不过后现代小说反映出的世界更加主观，更加注重“自我”。在后现代小说中，作者放弃了“再现”现实，，而把注意力集中在发掘不同的“可能性”和不同的“世界层面”中，更替世界就是实现这一目的的手段，它打破了传统的阅读习惯和小说结构，将读者带离“现实”，带进存在无数种可能的更替世界中。在后现代主义小说中，世界和人物看似混乱，实则清晰，逻辑混乱的表象只是为了将语言剥离现实，让读者把注意力集中在小说本身，而不是尝试在现实中寻找小说的影子。实际上，后现代小说中每种更替世界间的密切联系将碎裂的结构重新组合，并强化作者希望传达出的思想，使作者的表达手法多样化，同时将读者串联到作品中。可以说，更替世界决定了后现代小说的结构和特点。然而，传统评论多集中讨论后现代小说中的“侵入式作者世界”，而其他的更替世界则更多地被放进小说结构的范畴内进行讨论。本文改变传统思路，将后现代小说中的更替世界当做独立范畴进行分析和讨论，试图发现其特点，探讨其深层含义及作用。
[Abstract]:Since 60s, Postmodernist novels have set off a revolution in literary circles. The unique feature of postmodernist novels lies in their application to the replacement of the world. This paper deals with the three replacements in Vonnegut's postmodernist novel "time shock". World. The analysis of the outside world, the real world) reveals the connection between different replacement worlds and the role of replacement world in postmodernist novels. In postmodern novels, the author's invasion forms a unique author's world. Through this world, readers can see the author's inner world and participate in the creative aspect of the work. The relationship between the reader and the author is no longer like the relationship between the narrator and the audience in the traditional novel, but instead of the co-creation, or, in other words, the relationship between the reader and the author. The relationship between the creator and the re-creator. The author is also more casual in the use of language, the language has changed from "tool" to "toy". If the angle of view of the author's world is from inside to outside, then the outside world is from outside to inside. The outside world is one of the frequently used replacement worlds of Vonnegut, which mainly describes the alien world. The outside world seems to break the original coherent structure of the novel and the original coherent thinking of the reader, but it is this world that makes the novel more comprehensive and the theme more full. Although postmodern writers do not attempt to "reproduce" reality in their works like realist and modernist writers, all literary works are designed to reflect reality, and postmodern novels are no exception. But the postmodern novel reflects a more subjective world and a greater emphasis on "self." in postmodern novels, the author gives up "reproducing" reality and focuses on exploring different "possibilities" and different "world dimensions". The replacement of the world is the means to achieve this end. It breaks the traditional reading habits and novel structures, takes readers away from "reality" and brings them into the world of replacement in which there are countless possibilities. In postmodernist novels, the world and characters appear to be confused, but in fact they are clear, and the appearance of logical confusion is just to separate the language from reality and to focus the reader's attention on the novel itself. Instead of trying to find the shadow of fiction in reality, in fact, the close connection between every alternative world in postmodern fiction reassembles broken structures and reinforces the ideas that the author wants to convey, diversifying the author's approach to expression. It can be said that the replacement world determines the structure and characteristics of postmodern novels. The traditional criticism focuses on the "intrusive author world" in post-modern novels, while the other alternative worlds are discussed more in the context of the novel's structure. This paper analyzes and discusses the replacement world in postmodern novels as an independent category, and tries to find out its characteristics and discuss its deep meaning and function.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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