《大象的眼泪》的生态解读

发布时间：2018-03-23 02:31

本文选题：生态批评　切入点：自然生态　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《大象的眼泪》是当代著名美国作家莎拉·克鲁恩的代表作。她曾经说,小说故事的原型是《创世纪》中的雅格。小说探索的主题包括：大萧条时的马戏团生活(克鲁恩曾做过大量的调研)、人类道德指南、自身价值、精神疾病、情感驱动、现实与幻想、三角恋等等。小说生动地讲述了艾蓝和奥古斯特对动物的迫害,最终在动物大逃亡中被动物杀害的隐喻性故事。他们把马戏团的发展和追求利益作为终极目的。艾蓝不惜一切代价买来大象和装大象用的卡车,导致了许多工人没有地方睡觉。甚至,由于表演不佳,利润不够,他为了不给工人发工钱,把工人从火车上扔下去。奥古斯特是马戏团的首席训练师,动物们的表演是马戏团的生存支柱,他心里不存感激,反而因一丝丝的不顺从,就会疯狂地虐待它们。这种偏执的行为使他们走向了与自然的完全对立,并与社会慢慢的隔绝。由于欲望无限制的膨胀,他们渐渐的陷入精神危机。最终,断送了自己的生命。本文试图从生态批评的角度对《大象的眼泪》进行解读。生态学是一门包容生命与环境,人类与自然,社会与地球,精神与物质的交叉学科。发掘、分析和评论文学经典著作中所蕴含的生态思想是生态文学研究的重要课题。本文从生态视角来审视《大象的眼泪》中体现出的人与自然的关系,社会发展的不和谐和人类精神世界的危机。第一章通过小说所体现的人与自然的关系分析莎拉·克鲁恩的自然生态观以及她对人与自然如何和谐共存的思考。第二章通过对社会成员不平等关系,人际关系物质化和人际间的疏离的分析揭示出资本主义的社会的生态不和谐。第三章通过对人物精神世界的分析,揭示出人类对物质无限制的追求引起的内心冲突。本论文的意义在于,她是第一次从生态的角度探讨《大象的眼泪》中人与自然,人类社会之间以及人类精神世界三者关系的尝试。而且,这三者之间相互影响。本文不仅将探讨人类对自然地错误行为的后果,还将深入研究这种不负责任的行径对人类社会以及人类精神世界的影响。
[Abstract]:Tears of the Elephant is the masterpiece of Sarah Cruhn, a famous contemporary American writer. She once said, The archetype of the story is the Jagger in Genesis. The themes of novel exploration include circus life during the Great Depression (Crohn has done a lot of research, a guide to human ethics, self-worth, mental illness, emotional drive, etc.). Reality and fantasy, love triangle and so on. The novel vividly describes the persecution of animals by Allen and Auguste. The metaphorical story of being killed by animals while they were on the run. They ended up with the development and pursuit of the circus. Allan bought elephants and trucks for them at all costs. As a result, many workers had no place to sleep. Even, because of poor performances and insufficient profits, he threw the workers off the train in order not to pay the workers. Auguste was the circus's chief trainer. The performance of animals was the mainstay of the circus, and he did not appreciate it, but mistreated them for the slightest bit of disobedience. This paranoia led them to a total opposition to nature. And gradually isolated from society. Because of the unlimited expansion of desire, they gradually fell into a spiritual crisis. Finally, they lost their lives. This paper attempts to interpret "tears of Elephant" from the angle of ecological criticism. Ecology is an interdisciplinary discipline that includes life and environment, human beings and nature, society and earth, spirit and matter. It is an important subject in the study of ecological literature to analyze and comment on the ecological thoughts contained in the classic works of literature. This paper examines the relationship between man and nature embodied in tears of Elephant from an ecological perspective. The disharmony of social development and the crisis of human spiritual world. The first chapter analyzes Sarah Kruen's ecological view of nature and her thoughts on how man and nature coexist harmoniously through the relationship between man and nature embodied in the novel. The second chapter adopts the unequal relationship to the members of society, The analysis of materialization and alienation of interpersonal relationships reveals the ecological disharmony of capitalist society. Chapter three reveals the inner conflicts caused by the pursuit of material unlimited by human beings through the analysis of the spiritual world of characters. The significance of this thesis is that it is the first time that she has explored the relationship between human beings and nature, human society and human spiritual world from an ecological point of view. This paper will not only discuss the consequences of human error to nature, but also deeply study the influence of such irresponsible behavior on human society and human spiritual world.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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