论E.E.卡明斯诗歌的语篇象似性特征

发布时间：2019-04-22 11:26

【摘要】：卡明斯是二十世纪美国最具创新精神的诗人之一，以诗风诡异戏谑而闻名。他的诗歌在印刷，拼写，字母大小写，标点符号和语法等方面抛弃了传统的诗歌形式，吸引了众多学者研究这些形式偏离所产生的意义。国内外，已经有大量关于卡明斯诗歌的研究，这些研究对我们理解卡明斯诗歌的主题，意义和诗歌技巧有重要的帮助。然而，之前的研究大多聚焦在对卡明斯诗歌的诗歌语言特色和视觉形式的描写上，忽视了诗歌形式和意义之间的理据。换句话说，这些研究未曾探讨卡明斯诗歌独特风格的合理性原因。本文旨在通过象似性理论发现卡明斯诗歌在词汇层，句法层和语篇层次上诗歌形式和诗歌意义之间的联系。作为对语言任意性这一普遍原则的挑战，象似性理论已经成为当前语言学研究的焦点。不同于语言任意性的概念，象似性理论认为在符号与物体之间存在着一定的理据，也就是说，在能指和所指之间有一定的相似。这个理论对卡明斯变异诗风的形式提供了有益的启示。根据象似性的分类，本文从映象象似，包括语音和视觉象似，以及拟象象似，包括关系和结构象似，两个主要方面对卡明斯诗歌的象似性做了一个系统分析。根据对卡明斯诗歌象似性的定性分析，本文发现在语篇的不同层面上卡明斯诗歌的形式与诗歌所表达的事物和主题之间存在着一定的相似。卡明斯应用单词拆分，新词创造，句序错乱，字母大小写和标点符号另类使用等技巧是为了使得形式能够反映诗歌的意义，以便能达到对诗歌形式和主题的和谐统一。卡明斯诗歌独特风格的形式或许是追求唤起读者对诗歌形式和主题关联感知的结果，而不是反抗传统的结果。可以说象似性是卡明斯诗歌的一个本质。因而，当意识到卡明斯诗歌的象似性特征时，，读者便能够解读卡明斯诗歌戏谑和毫无章法的表面下所具有的意义，从而更好地欣赏卡明斯诗歌风格。本文的研究意义主要有两个方面：第一，本文指出了卡明斯诗歌中诗歌形式和主题之间的联系，并提出了卡明斯诗歌风格形成的一个新的假设；第二，本文启发了读者对卡明斯诗歌的解读和欣赏；第三，本文对象似性和文学之间的关系做了尝试性的研究，在某种程度上有益于象似性理论的发展。
[Abstract]:Cummings is one of the most innovative poets in the United States of America in the 20th century. His poetry abandoned traditional poetic forms in printing, spelling, alphabet case, punctuation and grammar, and attracted many scholars to study the meaning of deviation from these forms. There have been a lot of researches on Cummins poetry both at home and abroad, which are of great help for us to understand the theme, meaning and poetic skills of Cummins poetry. However, most of the previous studies focused on the description of the linguistic features and visual forms of Cummins poetry, ignoring the rationale between the poetic form and the meaning. In other words, these studies have not explored the reasonableness of the unique style of Cummins poetry. The purpose of this paper is to find out the relationship between the poetic form and the poetic meaning at the lexical, syntactic and textual levels by means of iconicity theory. As a challenge to the universal principle of arbitrariness, iconicity theory has become the focus of linguistic research. Different from the concept of linguistic arbitrariness, iconicity theory holds that there are certain justifications between symbols and objects, that is to say, there is a certain similarity between signifier and signifier. This theory provides a useful enlightenment to the style of Cummins variant poetry. According to the classification of iconicity, this paper makes a systematic analysis of the iconicity of Cummins poetry from two aspects: image similarity, including phonological and visual iconicity, and iconographic similarity, including relation and structural iconicity. Based on the qualitative analysis of the iconicity of Cummins poetry, this paper finds that there is a certain similarity between the form of Cummins poetry and the things and themes expressed in the poem at different levels of the discourse. Cummings applies the techniques of word splitting, neologism, sentence disorder, letters and case and punctuation in order to make the form reflect the meaning of poetry, so as to achieve the harmonious unity of the form and theme of poetry. The unique style of Cummins poetry may be the result of arousing the reader's perception of the relevance of poetry form and theme rather than of resisting tradition. It can be said that iconicity is one of the essence of Cummins poetry. Therefore, when aware of the iconicity of Cummins poetry, the reader can interpret the meaning of the humorous and disorganized poetry of Cummins, so as to better appreciate the style of Cummins poetry. The research significance of this paper mainly has two aspects: first, this paper points out the relationship between the poetry form and the theme in Cummins poetry, and puts forward a new hypothesis of the formation of Cummins poetry style; Second, this paper enlightens readers to interpret and appreciate Cummins poetry; third, this paper makes a tentative study of the relationship between object similarity and literature, which is beneficial to the development of iconicity theory to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.072

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