对《麦田里的守望者》的人际意义的探究
发布时间：2020-10-15 21:55
语言是人们交流的主要工具,而人们交流的目的主要就是与人互动:建立并保持一定的社会联系。在当代语言学和文学研究中我们很容易观察到一种趋势,即更强调语言的人际的,变化的和可协商的意义,这与传统语言学研究中只注重形式和意义之间的固定的,以内容为基础的,稳定的语义关系有很大不同。 通过对人际关系的研究可以看出说话者或是故事人物的社会关系,他们的社会地位以及他们的态度等。对于文学作品中,作者与读者,叙述者与读者以及叙述者与故事其他人物之间的关系的研究来说,人际意义的研究给我们提供了一个新的视角。 文学作品中实现人际意义的方法有许多种,不同的方法可以共同为实现人际意义而服务。本文主要运用功能语言学中的评价理论和语用学理论中的合作原则和礼貌原则对《麦田里的守望者》中的人际关系进行分析。本文分析了小说中两组人际关系:叙述者与读者的人际关系;叙述者与小说中不同人物的人际关系。通过分析,我们发现: (1)人际意义的研究是文学作品研究的重要方法之一,因为任何文学作品都具有对话性质,都试图通过作品达到作者,作品与读者的交流。对人际关系的研究有利于人们对文学作品主题意义的理解,因为人际关系的研究实质上是文学作品主题意义研究的一部分。 (2)文学作品中实现人际意义的方法有许多种,不同的方法可以共同为实现人际意义而服务。在评价系统中,由情感,判断和鉴别组成的态度系统体现了说话者或叙述者的态度及心情;由情态词,评价词及让步词等组成的介入系统体现叙述者与读者之间的互动与对话;合作原则和礼貌原则体现了小说中人物之间的社会地位及其人际关系。 (3)通过对《麦田里的守望者》中叙述者与读者人际关系的分析,我们发现,叙述者利用不同的策略与读者进行对话互动,把读者拉入到故事当中去,拉进与读者的关系;通过对叙述者与小说中人物的人际关系分析,发现叙述者与小说中代表纯真世界的人物与代表“虚假”成人世界的人物的人际关系截然不同。 (4)对《麦田里的守望者》的人际关系研究具有重要的教育意义。社会应对青少年给予更多的关注和关心。与单纯盲目的物质供给相比,父母和师长精神上的理解和沟通对青少年的成长起着更加重要的作用。
【学位单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位年份】：2007
【中图分类】：I712.074
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
List of Tables
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Aim and significance of this study
1.2 Reasons for studying interpersonal meaning
1.3 Salinger and The Catcher in the Rye
1.4. Methodology of this study
1.5. Organization of the thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
2.1 Literature review of the theories for this thesis
2.1.1. Appraisal theory
2.1.2. Style and stylistics
2.1.3. Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle
2.2 Studies of The Catcher in the Rye
2.2.1 Studies of The Catcher in the Rye abroad
2.2.2 Studies of The Catcher in the Rye at home
2.2.3. A summary of others' studies
Chapter 3 Narrator-Reader Relationship
3.1 Modality
3.2 Comment adjunct
3.3 Concessive
3.4 The interpersonal "you"
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Narrator-Character Relationship
4.1 Holden Caulfield and Mr. Spencer
4.1.1 Holden's attitude when having the conversation with Mr. Spencer
4.1.2 Holden's amplifying attitude in conversation with Mr. Spencer
4.1.3 Cooperation and politeness in Holden and Mr. Spencer's conversation
4.2 Holden and Sally Hays
4.2.1 Holden's attitude when going out with Sally
4.2.2 Holden and Sally's amplification of their attitude when they went out
4.2.3 Cooperation and politeness in Holden and Sally's conversation
4.3 Holden and Phoebe and the two nuns
4.3.1 Holden's attitude towards Phoebe and the two nuns
4.3.2 The amplification of their attitude towards each other
4.3.3 Cooperation and politeness between Holden and Phoebe
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusion
5.1 Summary of this study
5.2 Limitation of this study
5.3 Suggestions for further research
References
Acknowledgement
【引证文献】
本文编号：2842302
【学位单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位年份】：2007
【中图分类】：I712.074
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
List of Tables
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Aim and significance of this study
1.2 Reasons for studying interpersonal meaning
1.3 Salinger and The Catcher in the Rye
1.4. Methodology of this study
1.5. Organization of the thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
2.1 Literature review of the theories for this thesis
2.1.1. Appraisal theory
2.1.2. Style and stylistics
2.1.3. Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle
2.2 Studies of The Catcher in the Rye
2.2.1 Studies of The Catcher in the Rye abroad
2.2.2 Studies of The Catcher in the Rye at home
2.2.3. A summary of others' studies
Chapter 3 Narrator-Reader Relationship
3.1 Modality
3.2 Comment adjunct
3.3 Concessive
3.4 The interpersonal "you"
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Narrator-Character Relationship
4.1 Holden Caulfield and Mr. Spencer
4.1.1 Holden's attitude when having the conversation with Mr. Spencer
4.1.2 Holden's amplifying attitude in conversation with Mr. Spencer
4.1.3 Cooperation and politeness in Holden and Mr. Spencer's conversation
4.2 Holden and Sally Hays
4.2.1 Holden's attitude when going out with Sally
4.2.2 Holden and Sally's amplification of their attitude when they went out
4.2.3 Cooperation and politeness in Holden and Sally's conversation
4.3 Holden and Phoebe and the two nuns
4.3.1 Holden's attitude towards Phoebe and the two nuns
4.3.2 The amplification of their attitude towards each other
4.3.3 Cooperation and politeness between Holden and Phoebe
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusion
5.1 Summary of this study
5.2 Limitation of this study
5.3 Suggestions for further research
References
Acknowledgement
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 康艳华;《麦田里的守望者》的空间化特征研究[D];鲁东大学;2012年
本文编号：2842302
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