“艺苑奇葩”—土右旗二人台唱腔研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 08:49

本文选题：土右旗二人台　切入点：唱腔技法　出处：《中央民族大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：二人台是流行于内蒙古自治区及山西、陕西、河北北部地区的地方戏曲。因为剧目大多采用一丑一旦二人演唱的形式,所以叫二人台。二人台从起源到成熟,经历了一个多世纪,如今已经成为地方戏曲中的一枝奇葩。土默特右旗作为二人台的发源地和流传地,更是见证了这门艺术的形成与发展。2006年,二人台经国务院批准被列入第批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。2008年,土默特右旗被中国乡土艺术协会命名为“中国二人台文化艺术之乡”。二人台音乐由两大部分组成—唱腔和牌子曲。本文重点探究内蒙古自治区土默特右旗地区二人台音乐唱腔的主要特征。土默特右旗二人台音乐的唱腔特征汇集蒙汉人民音乐文化的共同特征,是蒙汉人民音乐文化交融的历史结晶。蒙汉人民经过长期的文化交融,达到和睦相处的情景。在此情况下,蒙汉人民各自将本民族的文化传统和文化瑰宝传递给彼此。蒙汉音乐文化交融的过程中,二人台在这两个民族民歌的基础上形成并发展起来,经过一代又一代二人台艺人的不屑努力,发展为今天初具规模的地方戏剧。在一百五十多年的历史长河中,七右旗二人台发展成为集歌曲、舞蹈、说唱、戏曲、曲艺等艺术门派于一体的群众喜闻乐见的民间艺术。土右旗地区的二人台音乐孕育于民间,服务于大众,有着深厚的群众基础和独特的艺术风格,具有辽阔的草原情怀和浓郁的黄河泥土芳香。该地区的二人台音乐丰富多彩,表演形式多样,唱腔更是清新自然、优美婉转,别具地方特色。不论从二人台的润腔方式、咬字特点还是从唱词韵味上来细细体会,土右旗的二人台都颇具特色。每个字眼都流露着土默川人民憨厚、老实、恢谐、幽默的地域情怀。在现代化的高速列车中,作为土右旗人民精神支柱的文化产业—二人台艺术是不可或缺的,它是维系土默川人民生存发展的精神灵魂。二人台艺术在广袤的土默川平原能够生根发芽并含苞待放,是当地物质文明和精神文明进步的印证。回顾土右旗二人台的成长历程,这朵艺苑奇葩需要发展,发展必然会开放,但开放的结果必然带来自我文化个性的削减,所以,传承古老传统文化难上加难。土右旗二人台在取得良好发展的同时,备受外界新文化的冲击。因此,在如今多元化的社会形势下,土右旗二人台能否得到良好的传承与发展,将直接影响到这个地区文化的未来命运。本文共分四个部分,就土右旗二人台的历史概况、旋律特点、唱腔技法以及它的传承与发展进行深入分析。第一部分,“土右旗”人台概况；第二部分,“土右旗”二人台旋律及板式腔体特征；第三部分,“土右旗”二人台的唱腔技法探析；第四部分,“土右旗”二人台的传承与发展。
[Abstract]:The two-person stage is a popular local opera in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and northern Hebei. Because most of the plays are in the form of one ugly once the two sing, they are called the two-person stage. The two-person stage is from its origin to maturity. After more than a century, it has become a wonderful flower in the local opera. As the birthplace and spreading place of the two people's platform, Tumert's right Banner witnessed the formation and development of this art. In 2006, In 2008, Tumert's right Banner was named "the hometown of Chinese Er-ren Taiwan Culture and Art" by the Chinese Native Art Association. This paper focuses on the main characteristics of Errentai music in Tumert right Banner area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region. The singing characteristics of Tumert's right Banner's two people's Taiwan music bring together the common characteristics of the Mongolian and Han people's music culture, which is the historical crystallization of the Mongolian and Han people's music and culture blending. In this case, the Mongolian and Han peoples pass on their own cultural traditions and cultural treasures to each other. In the process of blending the Mongolian and Han music and culture, On the basis of these two national folk songs, the two people formed and developed. Through the disdain efforts of generation after generation of artists, they developed into a local drama of today's initial scale. Over the course of more than 150 years of history, the seven right banners and two people have developed into a collection of songs, dances, rappers, and operas. Folk art, which is popular with the masses of people, such as quyi and other art schools. The two-person Taiwan music in Tuyou Banner area is conceived in the people and serves the public, and has a deep mass foundation and unique artistic style. With vast grassland feelings and rich fragrance of the Yellow River soil. This area has rich and colorful music for two people, various forms of performance, fresh and natural singing, graceful and graceful, and unique local characteristics. The characters of pronunciation are experienced from the rhyme of singing words, and the two people of Tuyou Banner have their own characteristics. Each word shows the honest, honest, harmonious and humorous regional feelings of the people of Tumechuan. In the modern high-speed train, the cultural industry, which is the spiritual pillar of the people of Tuyou Banner, is indispensable to the arts of two people. It is the spiritual soul that sustains the survival and development of the people of Tumechuan. The art of Errentai can take root and sprout in the vast Tumechuan Plain, which is a testament to the progress of local material and spiritual civilization. This art garden needs to develop, and development will inevitably open up, but the result of opening up will inevitably lead to the reduction of self-cultural personality. Therefore, it is even more difficult to pass on the ancient traditional culture. While the Tuyong Banner and the Duyong Banner have achieved good development, Therefore, in the present pluralistic social situation, whether the Tuyou Banner can get a good inheritance and development will directly affect the future fate of this region's culture. This paper is divided into four parts, including the historical survey, melody characteristics, singing technique and its inheritance and development of Tuyou Banner. The second part is the melody of Tuyou Banner and the characteristics of board cavity; the third part is the analysis of the singing technique of Tuyou Banner; the 4th part is the inheritance and development of Tuyou Banner.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J825

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