评弹流派的历史与变迁—流派机制的上海叙事

发布时间：2018-05-06 18:54

本文选题：评弹 + 流派　；参考：《上海音乐学院》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：评弹,是流行于长江三角洲说吴语方言之地的曲艺品种,“评”乃“评话”,“弹”为“弹词”,为与其他地区的评话、弹词相区别,故冠以发源地苏州之名又称“苏州评弹”。追溯“评弹”一词的由来,自清中叶以来,由于苏州评话与苏州弹词在同一地区流行并同在书场演出,表演亦有相通之处,抗日战争胜利以后,成立评弹协会时,两个曲种合并称为“评弹”。该文的研究对象是评弹的流派,即评弹界自称的“某调”。流派对于戏曲、曲艺而言是曲种发展至成熟阶段出现的特殊现象,对流派的历史与变迁的考量能够有效地关照曲种的发展。笔者通过对评弹流派兴盛的两个黄金期(20世纪二三十年代和20世纪50年代)与当今流派发展的历时比较分析,使用“流派机制”这一分析工具,通过对各个构成要素的比较,关注了评弹流派的历史与变迁。从而认为,其一,当今评弹没有新流派产生的原因是整个流派机制的缺失,失去流派生成、发展的生态环境；其二,原有流派在当今社会所发生的变迁从而导致流派意义和功能转化,朝着舞台化艺术化方向发展,并产生上海、苏州的地域性差别。该文所探讨的问题隶属于“传统在当代”的大论题,其关注点在“城市化进程中中国传统文化的生存问题”,聚焦点在“中国传统曲艺评弹的生态”。多年来评弹都没有新的流派产生,而原有流派也发生了变迁,笔者探寻的是造成这一生态背后的原因和发展趋势。在研究理念上,作者坚持“整体观”和“生态观”,将文化现象放置于动态发展的历史语境与生态系统中,使用历史叙事和现实叙事相结合的叙述方式,试图探讨评弹流派在上海的历史与变迁及其背后的文化意义。
[Abstract]:"criticism" is a popular quyi variety in the Yangtze River Delta, where Wu dialect is spoken. "comment" is "comment", "play" is "Tanci", and it is different from other regional criticism. Therefore, the place of origin of Suzhou also known as the "Suzhou bomb evaluation." Tracing back to the origin of the word "bomb evaluation", since the middle of the Qing Dynasty, because Suzhou dialect and Suzhou Tanci were popular in the same area and performed at the same bookshop, there were similarities in the performances. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, when the Society for Appraisal of bombs was established, The combination of the two species is called "bomb evaluation". The research object of this paper is the genre of bomb evaluation, that is, the "certain tune" that the critics call themselves. Genre for opera, quyi art is a special phenomenon in the development of genre to mature stage, the consideration of the school history and changes can effectively take care of the development of the genre. The author makes a comparative analysis of the development of the two golden periods in which the school is flourishing in the 1920s, 1930s and 1950s) and the development of the school today. By using the tool of "school mechanism", the author makes a comparison of the elements of each component. It pays close attention to the history and changes of the genre. As a result, first, the reason why there is no new school of assessment in modern times is the absence of the mechanism of the whole school, the loss of the ecological environment in which schools are formed and developed; the second is the ecological environment in which schools are formed and developed. The changes of the original schools in today's society lead to the transformation of the meaning and function of the schools and the development towards the stage of art and the regional differences between Shanghai and Suzhou. The problem discussed in this paper belongs to the topic of "tradition in the Contemporary", which focuses on "the survival of Chinese traditional culture in the process of urbanization", and focuses on "Ecology of Chinese traditional Quyi criticism". For many years, there is no new school in the evaluation of bomb, and the original school has also changed. The author explores the cause and development trend behind this ecology. On the research idea, the author insists on the "whole view" and "ecological view", puts the cultural phenomenon in the historical context and ecosystem of dynamic development, and uses the narrative mode of combining historical narrative and realistic narrative. This paper attempts to probe into the history and changes of the genre in Shanghai and the cultural significance behind it.
【学位授予单位】：上海音乐学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J826

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