文革“样板戏”研究

发布时间：2019-01-18 21:21

【摘要】：“样板戏”的诞生有着划时代的必然因素，从文革至今对“样板戏”的研究涉及史料、文本、艺术等诸多领域，研究“样板戏”不仅仅是学术需求更是关乎社会历史文化进程的重要一环。虽然“样板戏”的政治性是早期研究者关注的焦点，但是“样板戏”在政治性背后所流露出来的史学价值、艺术价值、文学价值依然值得深入探析。基于这些价值以及人们思想观念的不断变更，对“样板戏”在当下社会的重新审视也变得非常必要。具体来说，本文主要分为四章：第一章简要论述“样板戏”的概况。从概念生成到剧目确立，从大型剧场演出、地方文艺宣传、广播、电影、两报一刊到连环画，“样板戏”的产生与传播赤裸裸的宣扬了文革时期政治特权在人们生产生活中的表现；就剧本内容而言，八部“样板戏”通过对无产阶级革命过程中苦难叙事的描写表现了不同时期不同地域社会的主导矛盾，这些矛盾冲突和地域文化将“样板戏”在史学方面的价值展露无遗。第二章详细论述了“样板戏”是如何通过自身的“红色”情结来迎合那个时代典型的政治色彩。作为极权政治化的产物，“样板戏”在创作主题和题材上的单一性，在道具、音乐、色彩三类意象群的运用上以及对史诗性与民间性的把握，紧紧围绕政治性和时代背景，在整体上创造了一种独特的革命话语形态，为推动整个社会环境的统一发展做出了特殊的贡献。第三章着重分析了“样板戏”的身体语言。“样板戏”作为文革时期戏剧在身体语言规训方面的程式化教材，透过人物的面部表情、四肢动作就可以看出一个人的心理、判定一个人的性格、识别谎言。这种带有表演性的表现手段是政治介入艺术最直接的后果，是“样板戏”为了激化阶级矛盾、突出时代特征刻意为之，对于加强作品的审美观赏性、激发观众的情感共鸣、增加作品的艺术美感起了重要作用。第四章依据“样板戏”在当下社会引发的争议进行反思，对“样板戏”的完全肯定或否定都是站不住脚的。“样板戏”的不足虽然限制了它在新形势下的再发展，，但是“样板戏”本身所蕴含的价值不能因此而被削掉。在新的语境下，我们应该做到取其精华去其糟粕，客观而公正的重新审视这批融合了无数艺术家心血的艺术作品。
[Abstract]:The birth of "model opera" has an epoch-making inevitable factor. From the Cultural Revolution to now, the research on "model play" involves many fields, such as historical data, text, art and so on. The study of Model Opera is not only an academic need but also an important part of the process of social history and culture. Although the political nature of "model play" was the focus of the early researchers, the historical value, artistic value and literary value of "model play" are still worthy of further analysis. Based on these values and the constant changes of people's ideas, it is necessary to re-examine the model opera in the present society. Specifically, this paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter briefly discusses the general situation of model opera. From concept formation to repertoire establishment, from large-scale theatrical performances, local literature and art propaganda, radio, films, two newspapers and one publication to comic books, The emergence and dissemination of "model opera" has promoted the expression of political privilege in people's production and life during the Cultural Revolution. As far as the content of the script is concerned, the eight "model operas" show the dominant contradictions in different periods and different regions through the description of suffering narration in the course of the proletarian revolution. These contradictions and regional cultures reveal the value of model opera in history. The second chapter discusses in detail how the model opera caters to the typical political color of that era through its red complex. As the product of totalitarian politicization, the singularity of creation theme and subject matter, the application of props, music and color image groups, and the grasp of historical poetry and folklore closely revolve around the political and contemporary background. On the whole, it creates a unique form of revolutionary discourse, and makes special contribution to promoting the unified development of the whole social environment. The third chapter analyzes the body language of Model Opera. As a stylized teaching material of body language discipline in the period of the Cultural Revolution, "Model Opera" can see a person's psychology, judge a person's character and identify a lie through the facial expression of a character. This kind of expressive means with performance is the most direct consequence of the art of political intervention. It is "model opera" in order to intensify class contradictions and highlight the characteristics of the times deliberately, to strengthen the aesthetic appreciation of the works and arouse the emotional resonance of the audience. Increasing the artistic aesthetic sense of the work plays an important role. The fourth chapter reflects on the controversy caused by "model opera" in the present society, and the complete affirmation or negation of "model play" is untenable. Although the deficiency of "model opera" limits its re-development under the new situation, the value of "model opera" itself can not be cut off as a result. In the new context, we should take its essence away from the dross, and review the works of art which have combined the painstaking efforts of countless artists objectively and justly.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J809.2

【参考文献】