房中与《房中祠乐》的性质

发布时间：2018-02-08 10:09

本文关键词： 房中宗庙东厢房食举乐燕乐　出处：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：《房中祠乐》向来被认为是后妃房中乐,同时又是宗庙祭祀乐。验诸史籍发现,《房中祠乐》既无后妃房中的因素,亦无宗庙祭祀乐的内容。后妃房中乐的看法主要是受到了郑玄房中即后妃房中说的影响,这种看法大可怀疑:调查从先秦到《房中祠乐》产生之前的相关史料,就会发现"房中"一词并无女性闺房的用例,大多的房中是指宗庙或朝堂的东西厢房,这足以证明《房中祠乐》定性为后妃房中祭祀乐是错误的。由此产生的另一个疑问是《房中祠乐》为宗庙祭祀乐的说法。回到最初记载《房中祠乐》的《汉书》,又会发现《房中祠乐》不是作为宗庙祭祀乐记载的。再结合《淮南子》等文献,可以明白《房中祠乐》有着宗庙食举乐应有的内容,在时间、顺序、地点上与宗庙食举乐的特征完全吻合,因而应该是宗庙食举乐,而不是宗庙祭祀乐。了解《房中祠乐》的性质与雅乐一乐多用的使用方法,对于了解乐府题意不合的现象有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:"Fangzhong Temple Music" has always been considered to be the music in the imperial concubine's room, and at the same time it is also the sacrificial music of the temple. According to historical records, "Temple Music in the House" has no factors in the imperial concubine's room. There is also no content of sacrificial music in the temple. The view of music in the imperial concubine's room was mainly influenced by what Zheng Xuanfang said in the room of the queen. This view can be doubted: investigate the relevant historical materials from the pre-Qin period to the time before the birth of "Temple Music in the House". You will find that the word "in a room" does not have a use case for a woman's boudoir, most of which refer to the temple or Chaotang's room. This is enough to prove that it is wrong to characterize the "temple music in a room" as "sacrificial music" in the imperial concubine's room. Another question that arises from this is the statement that "the temple music in the house" is the sacrifice music of the temple. Back to the "Han Shu", which originally recorded the "ancestral music in the house", It will also be found that "Fangzhong Temple Music" is not recorded as a sacrificial music in a temple. In combination with "Huainan Zi" and other documents, It can be understood that "Temple Music in the House" has the proper contents of the Zongmiao food lifting music. It is completely consistent with the characteristics of the ancestral temple food raising music in time, order, and place, so it should be the ancestral temple food lift music. It is of great significance to understand the nature of "Temple Music in the House" and the multi-use method of "elegant music" to understand the phenomenon that the meaning of Yuefu is different.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学文学院;
【基金】：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“乐府的音乐文学体制”(15WYA005)
【分类号】：J609.2;K22

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