中国少数民族音乐在视唱练耳课程中的应用与意义

发布时间：2018-03-01 05:20

本文关键词： 少数民族音乐视唱练耳教学应用教材与实践　出处：《武汉音乐学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国地大物博,民族众多,每个民族都有自己独具特色的民族音乐和民族文化。少数民族是指多民族国家中,除主体民族以外的民族。中国作为一个多民族国家,除了主体汉族之外,有55个少数民族,这些少数民族拥有着数量庞大、浩瀚如海的音乐文化。作为一名视唱练耳教育工作者,我们有责任和义务将这些优秀的少数民族音乐融入到音乐教育中,使我们的学生对本土的音乐有更深刻的了解和认识,继而把我国优秀的少数民族音乐与文化发扬光大,使学生能够在当今多元化的信息时代,全方位汲取知识,建立本土音乐自信和文化自信。我国的音乐教育,多年来一直沿用西方的音乐体系,对中国的民族音乐体系采用的较少。为了响应当今多元化教育的口号,我们应该在音乐教育的各个阶段,更多的加入我们本民族的音乐语言,构建起民族化音乐教学体系,这其中就包含大量中国各少数民族的音乐元素与素材。由于少数民族音乐资料的分散性,少数民族音乐教材的不完善,以及一些教师对少数民族音乐了解甚少等原因,致使中国少数民族音乐在视唱练耳教学中应用的较少,且没有一套较严谨、完善、成熟的视唱练耳少数民族音乐教材。这个问题已经引起了越来越多音乐教育工作者的重视,并且去更多的关注、研究中国少数民族音乐在视唱练耳中应用的合理性及规范性。在本文中,笔者首先从中国少数民族音乐概况、中国少数民族音乐的审美与包容度、在音乐教育中使用母语音乐体系进行教学的构想这三个方面阐述中国少数民族音乐在视唱练耳课堂中的意义。从文章第二章开始,通过地理区域的划分,对中国西南地区具有代表性的侗族、哈尼族音乐在视唱练耳中的应用具体分析研究;文章第三章,对中国西北地区具有代表性的裕固族、蒙古族、维吾尔族音乐在视唱练耳中的应用具体分析和研究;文章第四章对中国中、东部地区具有代表性的朝鲜族、高山族、土家族音乐在视唱练耳中的应用进行具体分析研究。最后,文章第五章对中、西两种音乐体系在教学中共存的设想进行研究探讨,提出中国少数民族音乐发展与传承的重要性及可行性。此外,笔者还编写了一本相关配套的《中国少数民族音乐视唱练耳基础教程》,来证实中国少数民族音乐在视唱练耳中应用的可行性,以及具体实施的步骤和内容。教程中搜集了各个少数民族音乐中的经典作品,通过调式调性、典型节奏节拍、音程等元素对少数民族音乐作品具体分析和练习,并通过提取少数民族音乐中的各种元素和素材进行听觉训练。教程中每一个章节都有综合能力拓展板块,让学生利用所学到的少数民族音乐元素进行旋律拓展、编配伴奏、即兴和声等练习,旨在提高学生的音乐实践能力和综合能力。笔者希望通过对中国少数民族音乐的研究,为视唱练耳教学中民族化音乐体系的构建贡献一份微薄的力量。在当今这个多元化的时代,我们的视野应该更加开阔,视唱练耳的教学也应该与时代接轨,在多元化的音乐教学中融入多元化音乐元素,使学生在一个较全面的、开阔的平台汲取知识,培养更全面的综合型人才。
[Abstract]:Chinese manynationalities, vast territory and abundant resources, each nation has its own unique ethnic music and ethnic cultures. Ethnic minorities is a multi-ethnic country, with the exception of the main ethnic groups other than Chinese. As a multi-ethnic country, in addition to the main 55 Han nationality, ethnic minorities, these have a huge number. The vast sea of music culture. As a Solfeggio education workers, we have the responsibility and obligation of these excellent ethnic music into music education, make our students on the local music has a more profound understanding and knowledge, and to carry forward ethnic music and culture of our country, so that students can in today's information era of diversification, the full range of knowledge, to establish self-confidence and self-confidence. The local music culture music education in China, has been used for western music system, The China national music system less. In response to today's diversified education slogan, we should be at each stage of music education, more to join our national music language construct national music teaching system, which includes a large number of musical elements Chinese ethnic minorities and minority due to the scattered material. The national music, ethnic music teaching is not perfect, and some teachers of ethnic music are poorly understood and other reasons, resulting in Chinese ethnic music in solfeggio teaching is less, and not a set of strict and perfect, mature Solfeggio minority music materials. This issue has caused more and more more music educators, and to pay more attention, research and Application of China minority music in solfeggio is reasonable and normative. In this paper, the author firstly from the Chinese ethnic music of China ethnic music aesthetic and tolerance, explains the significance of China ethnic music in solfeggio in the classroom teaching idea of using mother tongue music system in music education in three aspects. From the beginning of the second chapter, by dividing the geographical region the representative of the southwest of Dong China, music of Hani nationality in solfeggio application specific analysis and research; the third chapter of the article, the representative of the northwest region Chinese Yugur nationality, Mongolian, Uygur music in the solfeggio application of the specific analysis and research; the fourth chapter of China, North Korea family, the eastern region is representative of the gaoshans, specific analysis of the application of Tujia music in solfeggio. Finally, the fifth chapter of the article, two kinds of music system in the West Imagine coexistence teaching research, puts forward the importance and feasibility of China minority music development and inheritance. In addition, the author also compiled the related China < ethnic music Solfeggio based tutorial >, to confirm China minority music in singing in the application of the feasibility of training, and the specific implementation steps and the content of the tutorial collection of ethnic music in various classical works by tonality, typical rhythm, interval and other elements on minority music specific analysis and practice, and auditory training by extracting various elements of minority music and tutorial material. Each chapter has a comprehensive ability expand the plate, ethnic music elements let students learn to use the melody accompaniment improvisation, harmony development, such as exercise, to improve students' music. Practical ability and comprehensive ability. I hope that through the study of Chinese ethnic music, ethnic music in the Solfeggio teaching system with a meager strength. In the modern era of diversification, our vision should be more open, Solfeggio teaching should also be in line with the times, integrate diversified musical elements in the music teaching of diversification, so that students in a comprehensive, open platform to learn knowledge, cultivating more comprehensive talents.

【学位授予单位】：武汉音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J613.1-4;G642

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