论曼海姆乐派交响曲承前启后的作用

发布时间：2018-03-31 06:23

本文选题：曼海姆乐派　切入点：交响曲　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：十八世纪初,许多欧洲国家市民阶层崛起,他们的精神文化需求明显增加。德国经过战争的洗礼,人们的思想观念发生转变,开始崇尚理性,体现在科学,文学以及宗教等领域。位于德国西南部的曼海姆宫廷聚集了一大批作曲家和演奏家,在选帝侯的资助下,他们组建了一支杰出的管弦乐队。其演奏风格新颖独特,深受欢迎。本论文从历史的角度出发,通过比较曼海姆交响曲与其前后时期的作品在乐章数量、曲式结构、乐队编制、演奏技法等方面的相同和不同之处,进而论述此乐派在交响曲完善过程中起到的承前启后的作用。交响曲的发展过程是漫长的,它在不同音乐时期呈现出各异的风格。巴罗克时期的器乐体裁种类繁多,其中大协奏曲,乐队协奏曲,组曲对曼海姆交响曲的乐章数量和速度安排等方面都产生了很大影响。曼海姆乐派继承并发展了巴罗克器乐的创作和演奏技法,并采用主调音乐风格。曼海姆乐派的作曲家在探索阶段主要为四部弦乐创作交响曲,大部分由三个乐章构成,论文会针对它们的调性和旋律特征进行分析。改良阶段交响曲的乐章篇幅增大,乐队编制有所扩充,其中展开部扩增后的小节数依旧少于呈示部和再现部,双簧管和圆号被普遍运用于交响曲中。受狂飙突进运动的影响,曼海姆乐派的作曲家在创作中融入新的理念,深入挖掘管乐器的潜能,采用多种手法使主题对比更加鲜明。海顿在曼海姆乐派的基础上对交响曲进行了完善,他将更加理性和均衡的思想植入作品中,进而确立了交响曲的结构原则,同时又对乐队编制进一步扩充,经历六个阶段的改进最终确立双管制乐队。莫扎特拜访过曼海姆之后,在交响曲中频繁使用他们的创作手法,力度变化自如,足以体现出曼海姆乐派对他的重要影响。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the eighteenth century, many European citizens rose, and their spiritual and cultural needs increased significantly. After the baptism of the war, people's ideas and ideas changed and they began to advocate rationality, which was reflected in science. In the field of literature and religion, the Mannheim court in southwestern Germany brought together a large number of composers and performers, who, with the aid of the elector, formed an outstanding orchestra, which played in a novel and unique style. From the historical point of view, this paper compares the similarities and differences between the Mannheim symphony and its works in terms of movement quantity, composition, composition, performance techniques, etc. The development process of symphony is long, and it presents different styles in different musical periods. There are many types of instrumental music in Baroque period. Among them, great concertos, band concertos and suites have great influence on the number and speed of the movement of the Mannheim symphony. The Mannheim music school inherited and developed the techniques for the creation and performance of Baroque instrumental music. The composers of the Mannheim music school mainly composed of four orchestral symphonies in the exploration stage, most of which were composed of three movements. This paper will analyze their tonality and melodic characteristics. The length of the symphony in the improved stage will be increased and the composition of the band will be expanded, in which the expanded sections will still be less than those of the presentation and reproduction sections. The oboe and the horn are widely used in symphonies. Influenced by the stormy movement, Mannheim composers have incorporated new ideas into their creations to tap into the potential of wind instruments. Haydn perfected the symphony on the basis of Mannheim's school, planted more rational and balanced ideas into his works, and then established the structural principles of the symphony. At the same time, the composition of the band was further expanded, and after six stages of improvement, it was finally established that after Mozart visited Mannheim, he frequently used their creative techniques in the symphony, and the dynamics changed freely. Enough to reflect the important influence of Mannheim on him.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J614

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