日本平安朝初期的雅乐改革

发布时间：2018-10-29 09:09

【摘要】：唐代是我国艺术文化发展的黄金时期,随着大批遣唐使的东渡,大量音乐文化传入日本,至今仍对日本音乐产生着深远影响。日本雅乐是日本古典音乐中最重要的音乐体裁,意指中文“雅正之乐”。狭义上指由亚洲大陆传入日本的音乐,经改革后分为以唐乐为中心的左方乐及以三韩乐为中心的右方乐。奈良时代日本大规模接收唐代音乐文化,进入平安时代后,日本迎来国风化时代。仁明天皇时期的乐制改革正是国风文化运动在音乐上的体现,自此,日本宫廷雅乐正式诞生。在此次乐制改革中,日本雅乐中使用的乐器、乐师的构成主体、选择的乐曲、演奏的空间与场合都发生了不小的变化,综合起来考虑,其实是一个文化史上的一系列变革。整个过程与日本当时的国风运动并行,并成为在继承大陆的基础上逐渐明确日本文化自身特性的一个过程。本论文的研究目的主要是对平安朝初期的雅乐改革做一个完整且细致的描述,以期对后人的研究提供更详细的资料。本文研究以10世纪前日本原始资料为依据,其内容主要分为以下三个部分:首先,对日本雅乐的历史沿革做整体性的梳理,对奈良朝至平安朝的日本雅乐以时间为线索进行描述。按照日本雅乐受外来音乐的影响情况分为飞鸟时代末期到奈良时代、平安时代初期两大方面,再根据时代的变化及日本雅乐的发展情况做细致的分类。其次,结合历史事实,以类别为标准,分析奈良朝至平安朝的日本雅乐在乐队分类、演出形式、演出场合、乐师数量及构成、音调音阶、乐器、乐曲等多方面的变化。接下来是从变化中总结平安朝初期日本雅乐改革的方式、规律与特点,将雅乐改革与平安朝最主要的文化思潮“国风运动”结合,并行加以讨论。最后,探讨雅乐改革的原因,得出日本平安朝初期雅乐改革是后世日本国风文化在音乐上的先声这一结论。
[Abstract]:The Tang Dynasty was the golden period of the development of Chinese art and culture. With the Dongdu of a large number of Tang Dynasty envoys, a large number of music culture was introduced into Japan, which still has a profound influence on Japanese music. Ya Yue is the most important music genre in Japanese classical music. In a narrow sense, the music introduced into Japan from the Asian mainland is divided into the left music with Tang Le as the center and the right music with the three Koreas as the center after the reform. In Nara era, Japan accepted the music culture of Tang Dynasty on a large scale, and entered the era of peace, Japan ushered in the era of national decency. The music system reform in the reign of Emperor Renming was the embodiment of national culture movement in music, and since then, Japanese court Yale was formally born. In this music system reform, the musical instruments used in Japanese elegant music, the composition of musicians, the music of choice, the space and the occasion of playing have all undergone great changes. When taken into account, it is a series of changes in the history of culture. The whole process was parallel to the Japanese national style movement at that time and became a process of gradually clarifying the characteristics of Japanese culture on the basis of inheriting the mainland. The purpose of this thesis is to make a complete and detailed description of the reform of elegance and music in the early days of the Ping an Dynasty in order to provide more detailed information for the later studies. The research of this paper is based on the original data of Japan before the 10th century. Its contents are divided into three parts: firstly, the historical evolution of Japanese Ya Le is summarized as a whole. Nara to the peaceful dynasty of Yale in Japan with time as a clue to describe. According to the influence of foreign music on Japanese Ya Le, it can be divided into two aspects: the late Flying Birds Age to the Nara Age and the early Peace Age. Then according to the changes of the times and the development of the Japanese Ya Le, the author makes a detailed classification. Secondly, according to the historical facts and categories, this paper analyzes the changes in the band classification, performance form, performance occasion, number and composition of musicians, tone scale, musical instrument, music and so on. Then it summarizes the ways, rules and characteristics of Japanese Yale reform in the early period of the Ping an Dynasty, and combines the reform of Ya Le with the most important cultural trend of thought of Ping an Dynasty, "the National style Movement", and discusses it in parallel. Finally, the paper discusses the reasons of the reform of Ya Le, and concludes that the reform of Ya Le in the early period of Ping an Dynasty of Japan is the forerunner of Japanese culture in music.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J609.313

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