弦乐四重奏演奏艺术研究

发布时间：2018-12-26 06:36

【摘要】：弦乐四重奏作为室内乐中最经典的演奏形式倍受作曲家和演奏者的关注,作曲家可通过弦乐四重奏表达自己深刻和个性化的音乐思想,演奏者也可将弦乐四重奏作为其丰富情感的最佳表现方式。弦乐四重奏的演奏艺术是多角度、多层次、多方面的,包括音乐要素的体现、乐曲思想内容的表达、演奏技术的自由表现和艺术美感的获得等。而目前对弦乐四重奏的研究主要集中在音准、音色、配合等方面,有关贯穿弦乐四重奏整个演奏过程的研究较少。因此,本论文将从弦乐四重奏的阅谱方法、演奏技巧及临场演奏心理等三个方面对贯穿整个弦乐四重奏演奏过程的演奏艺术进行研究,为今后的弦乐四重奏的演奏和教学提供个人的一得之见。通过对作曲家所处的时代背景和创作乐谱时的时代条件等时代因素、作曲家的性格特征等个人因素、以及作曲家通过乐谱作品本身传递给演奏者的信息等的探讨,指出了演奏者在演奏之前需要从时代因素、个人因素和作品本身等三个方面对作品进行深入透彻的理解,以期获得对乐谱内涵的准确认知;在此基础之上,弦乐四重奏的四位演奏者还需要通过不断地沟通、交流、磨合,从作品理解和“二度创作”理念两个方面达成对乐谱认知的统一。通过对弦乐四重奏演奏过程中可能出现的各种技术问题的分析,主要从音准训练,包括旋律音准和和声音准两个方面;节奏训练,如节奏中遇到附点、切分及休止符时的处理;弓法训练,包括起奏弓法的统一和弓段的统一等;以及包括音色的和谐与统一的力度训练等四个方面进行了深入的探讨,指出了弦乐四重奏的演奏者需要进行训练的技术内容以及具体的训练方法。通过对弦乐四重奏演奏者临场紧张心理产生原因的分析,有针对性地提出了克服临场紧张心理的方法,包括建立自信心、提高专业技术、端正演出态度以及增加公开演出实践等;从明确自身地位和服从团队意识两方面提出了良好的调控临场表现欲望的方法;从演奏者身体的突发状况、演奏者演奏技术的失误和观众情绪的突然变动三方面阐述了处理临场突发状况的方法。
[Abstract]:String quartet, as the most classical form of chamber music, has attracted the attention of composers and performers. Composers can express their profound and individualized musical thoughts through string quartets. String quartets can also be used as the best way to express their emotions. The performance art of string quartet is multi-angle, multi-level and multi-sided, including the embodiment of music elements, the expression of music thought content, the free expression of playing technology and the acquisition of artistic aesthetic feeling. At present, the research on string quartet is mainly focused on the aspects of timbre, coordination and so on, and the research on the whole performance process of string quartet is less. Therefore, this thesis will study the performing art of the whole string quartet from three aspects: the reading method of string quartet, the performing technique and the performing psychology. To provide personal advice for the future string quartet performance and teaching. In this paper, the author discusses the background of the composer's time, the conditions of the music composition, the personal characteristics of the composer, and the information transmitted by the composer to the performer through the music score itself. The author points out that the performer should have a thorough understanding of the works from three aspects: the time factor, the personal factor and the work itself, in order to get an accurate understanding of the meaning of the music score. On this basis, the four players of string quartet also need to achieve the unity of music score cognition through continuous communication, running-in and understanding of works and the idea of "second creation". Based on the analysis of various technical problems that may arise in the course of string quartet performance, this paper mainly deals with the training of tone level, including melody and sound accuracy, rhythm training, such as the handling of points attached to the rhythm, segmentation and stoppage, etc. The training of bow method, including the unification of the method of playing the bow and the unification of the section of the bow, etc. Four aspects, including the intensity training of harmony and unity of timbre, are discussed, and the technical contents and specific training methods of string quartet players are pointed out. Based on the analysis of the causes of the tense psychology of the string quartet players, this paper puts forward the methods of overcoming the tense psychology in the field, including the establishment of self-confidence and the improvement of professional skills. Correct performance attitude and increase public performance practice; This paper puts forward a good method to control the desire of performance on the spot from two aspects of clear position and team consciousness. This paper expounds the methods of dealing with the unexpected situation in the scene from three aspects: the sudden state of the player's body, the error of the performer's playing technique and the sudden change of the audience's emotion.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J627.0

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