再探藏族“囊玛”艺术的起源与称谓——西藏聂拉木县充堆民间音乐实地考察与分析
发布时间：2019-01-22 18:22
【摘要】：囊玛是藏族民间发展到较高层次的歌、舞、乐一体的乐舞艺术。囊玛音乐具有较为完美、程式化的结构,固定、小型乐队伴奏的形式与乐器、男女人声之间的多声织体形态,以及端庄、典雅、优美的格调与舞蹈动律,使其成为丰富多彩的藏族歌舞音乐艺术中一颗璀璨夺目的艺术珍品。文章根据笔者在西藏日喀则聂拉木县充堆实地考察民间音乐时发现的当地柴鲁、羌鲁及果谐中存在的囊玛风格的歌舞音乐形式,以及现有流传于拉萨、日喀则的囊玛歌曲的原型乐曲与结构形式,参照相关历史、文献记述和历代民间囊玛艺术家有关囊玛艺术溯源的传说以及当地民间艺术家口述资料,特别是结合当地地域环境与音乐文化语境,从多维视角进行探索、分析,形成与以往学界不同的关于囊玛艺术起源、称谓的新认识,提出囊玛形成于今西藏日喀则西部聂拉木县充堆一带,由当地"柴鲁""羌谐"等民歌演变而成;囊玛的称谓与当地特殊的地域环境、音乐语境直接关联;"囊玛"一词是"聂囊玛益谐"之简称;囊玛并非外来之乐舞艺术,而是西藏高原这块歌舞海洋中产生的神奇的艺术观点。
[Abstract]:Boma is the Tibetan folk development to a higher level of music, dance, music and dance art. Boma music has a more perfect, stylized structure, fixed, small band accompaniment form and musical instrument, multi-voice texture between men and women, as well as dignified, elegant, beautiful style and dance rhythm, Make it become rich and colorful Tibetan music and dance art a dazzling art treasures. This article is based on the local Chailu, Qiang Lu and Guoxian folk music found in Chong Tui, Xigaze Nieramu County, Tibet, and the music forms of the Samar style of singing and dancing that exist in Guoxian, Tibet, and are now circulating in Lhasa. The archetypal music and structural form of Saba songs in Xigaze, referring to the relevant history, literature and legends of folk sawma artists about the origin of their art, as well as the oral materials of local folk artists. In particular, combining with the local regional environment and the context of music culture, this paper explores and analyzes from a multi-dimensional perspective, forming a new understanding of the origin and appellation of Samar art, which is different from previous academic circles. It is suggested that the bursa was formed in Chong Tui area of Nieramu County in the west of Xigaze, Tibet, and evolved from local folk songs such as "Chailu" and "Qiang Harmony". The appellation of Boma is directly related to the local special regional environment and the musical context, and the word "Baoma" is the abbreviation of "Nithama Yi-harmony". Samar is not an exotic art of music and dance, but a magical artistic point of view arising from the sea of singing and dancing in the Tibetan Plateau.
【作者单位】： 西藏民族艺术研究所;
【基金】：2013年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“西藏非物质文化遗产整理;传承研究与数字化保护”阶段性成果,项目号:13&ZD141
【分类号】：J607
本文编号：2413448
[Abstract]:Boma is the Tibetan folk development to a higher level of music, dance, music and dance art. Boma music has a more perfect, stylized structure, fixed, small band accompaniment form and musical instrument, multi-voice texture between men and women, as well as dignified, elegant, beautiful style and dance rhythm, Make it become rich and colorful Tibetan music and dance art a dazzling art treasures. This article is based on the local Chailu, Qiang Lu and Guoxian folk music found in Chong Tui, Xigaze Nieramu County, Tibet, and the music forms of the Samar style of singing and dancing that exist in Guoxian, Tibet, and are now circulating in Lhasa. The archetypal music and structural form of Saba songs in Xigaze, referring to the relevant history, literature and legends of folk sawma artists about the origin of their art, as well as the oral materials of local folk artists. In particular, combining with the local regional environment and the context of music culture, this paper explores and analyzes from a multi-dimensional perspective, forming a new understanding of the origin and appellation of Samar art, which is different from previous academic circles. It is suggested that the bursa was formed in Chong Tui area of Nieramu County in the west of Xigaze, Tibet, and evolved from local folk songs such as "Chailu" and "Qiang Harmony". The appellation of Boma is directly related to the local special regional environment and the musical context, and the word "Baoma" is the abbreviation of "Nithama Yi-harmony". Samar is not an exotic art of music and dance, but a magical artistic point of view arising from the sea of singing and dancing in the Tibetan Plateau.
【作者单位】： 西藏民族艺术研究所;
【基金】：2013年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“西藏非物质文化遗产整理;传承研究与数字化保护”阶段性成果,项目号:13&ZD141
【分类号】：J607
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