朱光潜“人生的艺术化”理论研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 15:40

本文选题：朱光潜 + “人生的艺术化”理论　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：“人生的艺术化”理论是朱光潜前期(1949年前)最为重要的美学思想,这一美学思想不仅十分独特,而且影响深远。它一方面主张通过审美来“改造人心、改善人生”,激发民族的生命力、创造力,使风雨如磐的国家社会有根本的好转。这在当时具有十分强烈的启蒙意味。另一方面,这一思想主张人生情趣化和理想化,并以此作为一种审美追求和人格理想,这又是一种十分独特的人生观。“人生的艺术化”理论把人生与艺术这对矛盾和谐地统一起来,使之紧密联系、互为表里,它不仅是朱光潜的人格理想和审美理想,也是朱光潜美学研究追求的理想目标,是他全部美学思想的一条主线,贯穿他整个学术和人生道路。本文把“人生的艺术化”理论从朱光潜的整个美学思想体系中凸显出来,一方面以这一理论视角来整体把握朱光潜前期的美学思想,理解朱光潜美学思想中最本质、最具现实意义的问题。另一方面,通过这一理论的研究,对照两个世纪初(20与21世纪)社会转型期人们审美理想的异同,展示上个世纪初人们积极的人生主张,为本世纪初人们解决一系列生存问题和精神问题提供有意义的借鉴。对朱光潜前期人生历程与学术思想的考察,可以有趣地发现他的人生道路与“人生的艺术化”理论的创建与实践是紧密相连的,它十分清晰地呈现为两次创建时期和两次的实践时期:即从武昌高师到香港大学为“人生的艺术化”理论的第一次创建时期,而从中国公学到立达学园则是“人生的艺术化”理论的第一次实践时期;从英国爱丁堡大学到法国斯特拉斯堡大学为“人生的艺术化”理论的第二次创建时期,而从1933年回国到1949年则是“人生的艺术化”理论的第二次实践时期。然而,无论是“人生的艺术化”的理论创建还是具体实践,它始终针对着人生、社会、学术文化建设这三大问题。朱光潜广泛吸收了中西美学思想的精髓,作为这一理论的重要学术资源。凡对“人生的艺术化”理论形成有重要影响的哲学、美学、心理学思想他都自觉地加以吸收和改造利用,比如:康德的审美无利害性、尼采的日神精神与酒神精神、克罗齐的直觉主义和立普斯的移情说、弗洛伊德的精神分析学说、布洛的心理距离说等等。而对中国传统文化的吸收,则主要体现在对以儒家为主兼有道家的思想文化及古典美学思想的传承上。除此之外,宗教的思想也对这一理论形成起到了非常重要的影响。由此可见,“人生的艺术化”理论是融汇古今、贯通中西的思想文化结晶。
[Abstract]:The theory of "artistry of life" is the most important aesthetic thought in the early period of Zhu Guangqian (before 1949), which is not only unique, but also far-reaching. On the one hand, it advocates "transforming people's hearts and improving life" through aesthetics, stimulating the vitality and creativity of the nation, and making a fundamental improvement in the country and society. This had a very strong sense of enlightenment at that time. On the other hand, this thought advocates the life sentiment and idealization, and regards it as a kind of aesthetic pursuit and personality ideal, which is a very unique outlook on life. The theory of "the artistry of life" harmoniously unifies the contradiction between life and art, and makes it closely related to each other. It is not only Zhu Guangqian's personality ideal and aesthetic ideal, but also the ideal goal pursued by Zhu Guangqian aesthetic research. It is the main line of his aesthetic thought, which runs through his whole academic and life path. This paper highlights the theory of "artistry of life" from Zhu Guangqian's whole aesthetic thought system. On the one hand, from this angle of view, we can grasp the aesthetic thought of Zhu Guangqian's earlier period and understand the essence of Zhu Guangqian's aesthetic thought. The most realistic question. On the other hand, through the research of this theory, comparing the similarities and differences of people's aesthetic ideals in the period of social transformation between the beginning of two centuries and the 21st century, we can show people's positive views on life at the beginning of last century. For the beginning of this century to solve a series of survival problems and spiritual problems to provide meaningful reference. Through the investigation of Zhu Guangqian's early life course and academic thought, it is interesting to find that his life path is closely related to the creation and practice of the theory of "artistry of life". It is presented very clearly as two periods of creation and two periods of practice: the period from the normal University of Wuchang to the first founding period of the theory of "artistry of life" at the University of Hong Kong. The first practical period of the theory of "the artistry of life" is from the Chinese public school to the Lida School, and the second time of the "artistry of life" is from the University of Edinburgh in England to the University of Strasbourg in France. From 1933 to 1949, it was the second practical period of the theory of "artistry of life". However, whether the theory of "artistry of life" or the concrete practice, it is always aimed at life, society, academic and cultural construction of the three major issues. Zhu Guangqian absorbs the essence of Chinese and Western aesthetics and serves as an important academic resource of this theory. Any philosophy, aesthetics, or psychology which has an important influence on the formation of the theory of "artistry of life" is consciously absorbed and reused by him. For example, Kant's aesthetics has no interest, Nietzsche's spirit of the sun and the spirit of Dionysus. Croce's intuitionism and Lipps's empathy theory, Freud's psychoanalysis theory, Bloom's psychological distance theory and so on. The absorption of Chinese traditional culture is mainly reflected in the inheritance of Confucianism and classical aesthetics. In addition, religious thought also played a very important role in the formation of this theory. Thus, the theory of "artistry of life" is a combination of ancient and modern, the ideological and cultural crystallization of China and the West.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I01

【引证文献】