论小说叙事的叙述主体

发布时间：2018-06-29 12:32

本文选题：小说叙事 + 叙述主体　；参考：《山东大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：小说叙事学兴起于二十世纪六十年代的西方,是对小说的叙事结构、叙事特性进行分析的理论。与传统的小说批评相比,小说叙事学对小说进行叙事研究,给小说批评提供了新的思路,也深化了人们对小说这一文体特性的认识。但同时,小说叙事学理论本身也存在着诸多不足,像对小说叙事中的核心概念叙述主体的界定,一直显得含混、模糊。特别是小说叙事学在发展的过程中,逐渐形成了不同的派别,各个派别之间对这一概念的阐述存在很大的争议和分歧。这种概念阐述上的争议和分歧,对与之相关的其他问题的研究和具体的小说创作都极为不利。本文试图对小说叙事的叙述主体进行全面的梳理和阐发,以期推进对小说叙事研究的发展。第一章小说的叙事研究。第一节主要论述传统小说理论存在的局限以及小说叙事理论的发展。二十世纪前的小说批评理论大都关注作品的社会、历史、文化等方面的意义,而很少对小说的形式技巧和结构等进行研究。随着法国结构主义的兴起,受其影响,小说批评理论的焦点才开始转向对小说的叙事形式和结构的研究。在这期间,无论是俄国形式主义文论家、法国结构主义理论家还是英美小说理论家,他们对小说的叙事方面的研究都做出了巨大的贡献。小说叙事学为小说的研究开创了新局面,同时又因过分强调形式化,而受到了后起的新叙事学的批评。新叙事学认为,不应该把小说文本和社会、历史、文化、语境等割裂开来,进行封闭自足的研究,他们还建议把小说叙事学与其他学科结合起来,从中吸取有益的成分,以促进自身的发展。第二节主要论述小说与叙事的特殊关系。叙事主要包含两层含义:作为表述方式的叙述和作为被表述的对象的故事。小说是一种通过各种叙述方式将一个个故事组织并讲述出来的整体活动,其构成基础是故事和叙述方式。从这个角度讲,叙事和小说有着极为密切的关系。对小说进行叙事研究,可以对小说做出更为深入的把握。第二章小说叙事中的叙述主体的唯一性。这一章是全文得以继续深发的基础。认识到了小说与叙事的密切关系后,继而出现的问题便是:既然小说要叙述故事,
[Abstract]:Fiction narratology, which originated in the West in 1960's, is the theory of analyzing the narrative structure and narrative characteristics of the novel. Compared with traditional novel criticism, novel narratology studies novel narration, which provides a new way of thinking for novel criticism and deepens people's understanding of novel as a stylistic feature. But at the same time, the theory of novel narratology itself also has many shortcomings, such as the definition of the main body of narration of the core concept of the novel narrative, has always appeared vague and vague. In particular, in the course of the development of novel narratology, different schools have gradually formed, and there are great controversies and differences in the elaboration of this concept among different schools. The disputes and differences in the elaboration of this concept are unfavorable to the study of other related issues and the creation of specific novels. This paper tries to carve out and expound the narrative subject of novel narration in order to promote the development of novel narrative research. The first chapter is the narrative study of the novel. The first section mainly discusses the limitations of traditional novel theory and the development of novel narrative theory. Before the 20th century, most of the theories of novel criticism focused on the social, historical, cultural and other aspects of the works, but rarely on the formal techniques and structure of the novel. With the rise of French structuralism and influenced by it, the focus of the theory of novel criticism turned to the study of the narrative form and structure of the novel. During this period, both Russian formalist literary theorists, French structuralist theorists and Anglo-American fiction theorists have made great contributions to the study of the narrative aspects of novels. Novel narratology has opened up a new situation for the study of novel, and has been criticized by the new narratology because of its excessive emphasis on formalization. New narratology holds that novel texts should not be separated from society, history, culture, context and so on, and should be studied in closed and self-sufficient way. They also suggest that novel narratology should be combined with other disciplines to draw beneficial elements from it. In order to promote their own development. The second section mainly discusses the special relationship between novel and narrative. Narration mainly contains two meanings: the narration as the expression and the story as the object. The novel is a kind of whole activity which organizes and narrates a story through various narration methods, and its constitution is based on the story and the narration way. From this point of view, narrative and novel have a very close relationship. The narrative study of the novel can make a deeper grasp of the novel. The second chapter is the uniqueness of narrative subject in novel narration. This chapter is the basis of the full text. Recognizing the close relationship between fiction and narration, the question then arises: since the novel is about to tell a story,
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I054

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