表义偏旁在对外汉字教学中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-07 08:09

本文选题：表义偏旁 + 对外汉字教学　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉字教学是对外汉语教学的重要组成部分,同时也是留学生学习汉语的难点之一。汉字形体构造复杂,笔画繁多。对于一些非汉字文化圈的留学生来说,汉字看上去像是一幅幅毫无规律的图画。怎样才能让留学生了解汉字的内在联系,熟悉汉字的构形规律,从而更好地识记汉字,已经成为现在对外汉字教学亟需解决的问题。偏旁教学法是传统汉字教学法之一,在偏旁教学法中,表义偏旁的教学有十分重要的作用。从汉字的性质来看,汉字的表义性主要是通过表义偏旁来实现的。从汉字的系统来看,表义偏旁与汉字字义系统和字形系统有着密切的联系,具有表义和构形的双重功能。在对外汉字教学中,学习表义偏旁有助于汉字学习者对汉字字义和字形的掌握,从而更好地识记汉字。本文从汉字的表义性出发,介绍了表义偏旁的形成和发展,对表义偏旁与汉字系统的关系进行了梳理。在前人研究的基础上,对表义偏旁在现代汉字中的分布情况进行总结。为了更好地指导对外汉字教学,笔者对新《HSK汉语词汇大纲(1-4)级》中所用汉字的表义偏旁进行了分析。在分析时,笔者主要从表义偏旁的构字数量和表义程度两方面进行考查,选出构字数量相对较多、表义程度相对较高的表义偏旁作为表义偏旁教学的主要内容。笔者针对对外汉字教学特点,根据汉字学习者的文化背景及其所处的学习阶段,提出了对外汉字教学中表义偏旁教学法的教学目标和教学策略,并从汉字课和网络汉字教学两方面对表义偏旁应用于对外汉字教学进行探讨,希望借此能够丰富对外汉字教学法。
[Abstract]:Chinese character teaching is not only an important part of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, but also one of the difficulties for foreign students to learn Chinese. The structure of Chinese characters is complicated and the strokes are various. To some students in non-Chinese cultural circles, Chinese characters look like irregular pictures. How to make foreign students understand the internal relationship of Chinese characters, familiar with the law of the configuration of Chinese characters, so as to better memorize Chinese characters, has become an urgent problem to be solved in the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries. Deviant teaching method is one of the traditional Chinese character teaching methods, in which the teaching of meaning deviation plays a very important role. In terms of the nature of Chinese characters, the meaning of Chinese characters is mainly realized by the side of meaning. From the perspective of Chinese character system, it has close relation with Chinese character meaning system and character form system, and has dual functions of expressing meaning and configuration. In the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries, learning the side of the meaning is helpful for the learners to master the meaning and shape of Chinese characters, so as to better memorize the Chinese characters. In this paper, the formation and development of the semantic deviation of Chinese characters are introduced, and the relationship between the semantic deviation and the Chinese character system is combed out. On the basis of previous studies, the distribution of semantic deviation in modern Chinese characters is summarized. In order to better guide the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries, the author analyzes the semantic deviation of the Chinese characters used in the new "HSK Chinese Vocabulary syllabus" (Grade 1-4). In the analysis, the author mainly carries on the examination from the two aspects of the number of the word construction and the degree of the meaning, and selects the side of the form meaning which is relatively large in number and relatively high in the degree of the form meaning as the main content of the teaching of the semantic deviation. According to the characteristics of Chinese character teaching in foreign countries, and according to the cultural background of Chinese character learners and their learning stage, the author puts forward the teaching objectives and teaching strategies of the teaching method of Chinese character teaching. This paper also discusses the application of Chinese characters teaching in foreign countries from the aspects of Chinese character course and network Chinese character teaching, hoping to enrich the teaching method of foreign Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】