日照方言辅音实验语音学研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 23:05

本文选题：日照方言辅音 + 声学研究　；参考：《上海大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要通过实验语音学的方法对日照方言辅音的发音部位和发音方法进行研究。发音部位方面主要是通过静态舌面位置和腭面位置的方法对日照辅音进行主动和被动发音部位的描写,并将本次结果与传统方法得出的主动发音部位进行对比,补充完善了日照辅音的被动发音部位。通过本次对主动发音部位的实验研究,发现塞音[t]、鼻音[n]的发音部位与前人的研究差异最大,其余辅音的发音部位和前人的研究大体一致。其中,[t]和[n]为舌叶-齿龈后音,与前人的研究相比,本次实验中这几个音的发音部位比前人认为的舌尖部位更为靠后。笔者认为造成这种差异的原因,一方面是因为研究方法不同,与传统方法相比,实验语音学的方法更加客观科学。另一方面可能是因为这几个音存在不同变体。边音[l]、塞擦音和擦音的主动发音部位和前人的研究比较一致,其中[l]为舌尖-齿龈后音,[tθ]、[θ]为舌尖-齿音,[t?]、[?]为舌尖-齿龈音,[?]、[?]为舌叶-齿龈音,[t?]、[?]为舌面-齿龈后音。在研究发音部位的实验过程中,我们发现每个辅音都存在着舌位变体和颚位变体。并且存在着性别差异,男性发音人的腭面位置和舌面位置要比女性的略为靠后,其中[?]、[?]、[?]这几个音的性别差异最为明显。除了发音部位,笔者还对日照辅音的声学特点进行了研究。主要包括日照辅音的语图表现、时长、后接元音共振峰起始值及擦音的谱重心值等几个方面。并且发现辅音的发音部位和声学特点之间相互影响。送气与否,不同发音方法和发音部位以及气流的强弱影响语图的清晰度及辅音时长长短。送气音与不送气音相比,送气音的语图清晰度更差,同一发音部位的送气音时长要比不送气音的时长要长。舌腭接触面积也会影响语图清晰度及时长的长短,舌面和腭面接触面积影响口腔闭塞程度,导致口腔内气压不同最终影响了辅音时长。不同发音部位的前后位置在一定程度影响不送气塞擦音时长长短,在不送气塞擦音中,齿间音的时长最短,舌面音的发音部位最靠后,时长最长。通过差异性F检验,我们发现后接元音以及性别对辅音时长的影响没有显著性差异。在对日照方言塞音、擦音、塞擦音的后接元音共振峰部分的研究中,我们发现辅音舌位的高低、咽腔以及上颚开口度大小对后接元音F1起始值有影响;舌位对F2影响较大,舌尖音与舌叶音相比,舌叶音的F2值更大。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies the position and methods of pronunciation of the consonants in Rizhao dialect by the method of experimental phonetics. The main part of the pronunciation is to describe the active and passive pronunciation parts of the daylight consonants through the position of the static tongue surface and the position of the palate surface, and the active pronunciation part of the result and the traditional method. In contrast, the passive pronunciation part of the sunshine consonant was perfected. Through the experimental study on the active pronunciation part, it was found that the sound parts of the [t] and the nasal sound [n] were most different from those of the previous studies. The other consonants were in agreement with the previous studies. Among them, [t] and [n] were the posterior tone of the tongue and gingiva. The reasons for this difference are because the methods of study are different, and the methods of experimental phonetics are more objective and scientific than the traditional methods. L], the active pronouncing parts of the slug and fricative are in accordance with previous studies, in which [l] is the tip of the gingiva, [t theta, [theta] to the tip of the tongue, [t?], [?] to the tip of the gingiva sound, [?], [?] to the tongue gum tone, [t?], [?] for the tongue surface to the gingiva. We found that each consonant has a tongue in the study of the pronunciation of the consonants. There is a gender difference. There is a gender difference. The position of the palate and the tongue position of the male pronouns are slightly lower than those of the female. The most obvious gender differences are in the [?], [?], and [?] sounds. Besides the part of the pronunciation, the author also studies the acoustic characteristics of the sun consonants. The time length, the starting value of the resonant peak of the vowel and the spectral center of gravity of the fricative, and the mutual influence between the pronunciation part of the consonant and the acoustic characteristics. The articulation of the language is worse. The length of the same articulation position is longer than that of the non air tone. The contact area of the tongue and palate also affects the length of the articulation and the length of the articulation. The contact area of the tongue and the palate affects the degree of oral occlusion, resulting in the difference of the air pressure in the oral cavity and the length of the consonant. The length of the intertooth sound is the shortest in the absence of air plug fricative in a certain degree, and the length of the pronunciation of the tongue is the longest. By the difference F test, we find there is no significant difference in the effect of the post vowel and the sex on the consonant length. In the study of the posterior part of the vowel resonance peak, we found that the height of the consonant tongue, the size of the pharyngeal cavity and the size of the maxilla had an influence on the initial value of the F1, and the tongue position had a greater influence on the F2, and the F2 value of the tongue leaf sound was greater than that of the tongue.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H172.1

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