《等级划分》中的动物语素与含动物语素词语的教学

发布时间：2018-03-10 10:55

本文选题：动物语素　切入点：含动物语素词语　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语言跟随着人类社会的发展而发展,是文化最重要的载体。而语言中,和文化联系最为密切的是词汇。在人类漫长的发展过程中,动物对人类的社会发展和文化形成起到了重大作用,影响着人类生活的方方面面。因此产生了数量众多的含动物语素词语。含动物语素词语十分重要,但是相关研究却不是很多。同时,由于留学生来自不同国家和文化背景,在学习含动物语素词语的时候会遇到各种问题。本文立足于对外汉语教学的需要,从以下几个方面展开对对外汉语教学中的动物语素和含动物语素词语的研究。首先,介绍本文的研究目的和研究意义,使用的研究内容和研究方法,并对语素教学法和动物词、动物语素的研究现状和发展趋势进行归纳和总结。第二部分,对2010年出版的《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分》中的动物语素做了穷尽式列举统计,找出57个动物语素进行分类。并且对《等级划分》中所有含动物语素词语进行分类和构词分析。随后以《现代汉语词典》(第6版,2012)为语料来源找出《等级划分》中57个动物语素构成的所有词语,发现《等级划分》中动物语素出现的顺序较为合理。并且在构词情况统计中,发现了这些语素中存在一些比较特殊的情况,即同形语素和同音语素,并进行列举分析。最后从音节、词性和构词方式等角度进行规律总结。得出了在所有含动物语素词语中双音节词语所占比重最大,四音节词语数量众多;含动物语素词语以名词为主;构词方式以复合式为主的结论。第三部分,将安徽大学国际教育学院使用的初、中、高级综合课教材中的含动物语素词语进行穷尽统计,并与《等级划分》中出现的动物语素做匹配度分析,发现匹配程度不高,主要体现在数量不多、分布不均等方面。并提出几点建议:根据《等级划分》的要求适当出现含动物语素词语、保证语素复现率、引用语素教学法原理锻炼留学生对词汇理解和使用的能力。第四部分,将理论研究应用于教学实践。对比语素教学法和传统词汇教学法的不同和优势,对部分安徽大学国际教育学院中级汉语水平留学生进行动物语素专题课教学。通过调查问卷方式对比实验组和对比组含动物语素词语的掌握情况。发现使用语素教学法学习含动物语素词语,可以快速提高学生对词义的理解和对新词词义的推断能力,效果显著。同时,80%的同学认为在生活中会用到含动物语素词语,然而大多数同学反映在课堂上学到的含动物语素词语太少了。因此提高含动物语素词语的教学重视程度是很有必要的。最后,针对研究结果,对大纲修改、教材编写、教学和学习动物语素以及含动物语素词语提出几点建议,希望可以引起大纲、教材编写者和广大教学者对含动物语素词语的重视。
[Abstract]:Language develops with the development of human society, and it is the most important carrier of culture. Animals play an important role in the social development and cultural formation of human beings and affect all aspects of human life. Therefore, a large number of morpheme words containing animals are produced. However, there are not many related studies. At the same time, because students come from different countries and cultural backgrounds, they will encounter various problems in learning morphemes with animals. This paper is based on the need of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The research on animal morphemes and animal morphemes in teaching Chinese as a foreign language is carried out from the following aspects. Firstly, the purpose and significance of this study, the research contents and methods used, and the morpheme teaching methods and animal words are introduced. The research status and development trend of animal morpheme are summarized and summarized. The second part makes exhaustive enumeration of animal morpheme in Chinese International Educational syllabic Chinese Vocabulary Classification published in 2010. 57 animal morphemes were found to be classified, and all the animal morphemes were classified and word-formation were analyzed. Then, the Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th edition, 2012) was used as the source of the corpus to find out the classification of animal morphemes. All the words in 57 animal morphemes, It is found that the sequence of animal morphemes in grading is reasonable, and in the statistics of word-formation, we find that there are some special cases in these morphemes, that is, homomorphic morpheme and homophone morpheme. Finally, from the aspects of syllable, part of speech and word-formation, it is concluded that the disyllabic words account for the largest proportion in all the animal morpheme words, and the number of four-syllable words is numerous. The conclusion is that animal morphemes are mainly nouns and word-formation is compound. The third part is the exhaustive statistics of animal morpheme words in the teaching materials of Anhui University of International Education, which are used at the beginning, middle and advanced levels. By analyzing the matching degree of the animal morphemes in grading, we find that the matching degree is not high, which is mainly reflected in the small quantity. In the aspect of unequal distribution, some suggestions are put forward: according to the requirement of grading, the words and expressions containing animal morpheme should be properly appeared to ensure the repetition rate of morpheme. Applying the principle of morpheme teaching method to improve the ability of foreign students to understand and use vocabulary. Part 4th, applying theoretical research to teaching practice, contrasting the differences and advantages between morpheme teaching method and traditional vocabulary teaching method. The special course of animal morpheme was taught to some middle level Chinese students from the School of International Education of Anhui University. The mastery of the words containing animal morpheme in the experimental group and the contrast group was compared by means of questionnaire. It was found that the morpheme was used in the experiment group. The teaching method is to learn words and expressions that contain animal morpheme, It can improve the students' understanding of word meaning and their ability to infer the meaning of new words. At the same time, 80% of the students think that animal morpheme words will be used in their daily life. However, most of the students reported that they had learned too few morpheme words in class. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the importance of teaching the morpheme words. Finally, according to the results of the study, the syllabus is revised and the textbook is compiled. Some suggestions on teaching and learning animal morphemes and words containing animal morphemes are put forward in the hope that they can arouse the attention of syllabus, textbook writers and teachers to the words and expressions containing animal morphemes.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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