被误读的亚里士多德范畴论

发布时间：2018-06-03 15:36

本文选题：经典范畴论 + 本质　；参考：《西安外国语大学学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：原型理论也被称为原型范畴理论,它是作为经典范畴理论的对立面而被提出的,而后者又往往被等同于亚里士多德的范畴论,但事实并非如此,这其实是对亚里士多德的一种误读。这种误读在很大程度上来自于著名的认知语言学家John R.Taylor在其Linguistic Categorization:Prototypes in Linguistic Theory一书中对亚里士多德范畴观的引证。在此书中他把亚里士多德的范畴观归纳为四个要点,并称之为经典范畴理论,然后才借此阐明了与之相对立的原型范畴理论。但Taylor的引证其实是对亚里士多德范畴论的误读,亚里士多德范畴论并不能简单等同于所谓的经典范畴理论,相反,亚里士多德早已经认识到了范畴模糊现象和范畴典型现象的普遍存在,并做出了足够清晰的理论性描述。因此,可以说亚里士多德的范畴论是在一定程度上显示了对现代原型范畴理论的包容性。
[Abstract]:Archetypal theory, also known as archetypal category theory, is proposed as the opposite of classical category theory, which is often equated with Aristotelian category theory, but this is not the case. This is actually a misreading of Aristotle. To a large extent, this misreading comes from the citation of Aristotle's categorical view by the famous cognitive linguist John R.Taylor in his book Linguistic Categorization:Prototypes in Linguistic Theory. In this book he generalizes Aristotle's concept of category into four main points and calls it the classical category theory and then clarifies the archetypal category theory which is opposite to Aristotle. But Taylor's citation is actually a misreading of Aristotle's categorical theory. Aristotelian categorical theory is not simply equivalent to the so-called classical categorical theory, on the contrary, Aristotle has recognized the universal existence of categorical ambiguity and typical phenomena, and has made a clear theoretical description. Therefore, Aristotle's categorical theory to some extent shows the inclusiveness of modern prototype category theory.
【作者单位】：福建师范大学外国语学院;福建江夏学院外国语学院;
【分类号】：H0-05

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