常熟方言浊音声母变异研究

发布时间：2018-11-28 17:21

【摘要】：语言总是处在不断的变化过程中的,世界上不存在一成不变的语言系统。从宏观角度看,语言变异反映的是新旧语言的交替等大规模的群体现象;从微观角度看,语言变异又反映在每个语言使用者微小的语音差异上。随着普通话的推广普及和城市间往来交流的日渐频繁,普通话和方言的接触日益密切。在常熟地区,普通话作为一种强势方言已经对本土的方言系统带来了一定程度的冲击,使常熟方言在语音、词汇、语法等方面产生了语音变异。本文的研究就是以常熟方言和普通话的接触为背景、以常熟方言中浊音声母为对象而展开的。此项研究采用了社会语言学和方言学的调查方法,通过一系列的数据分析来描写发音人之间的微小语音差异,并借此来探究语言接触背景下常熟方言浊音声母的演变规律和发展趋势。本文主要包括四个版块:引言部分交待了本次研究的内容、目的和意义,简要介绍了常熟的地理历史和方言研究情况,为下文的展开提供了方向上的指导。第一章介绍了将浊音声母定为研究对象的历史原因和理论支撑,并且在初定了研究对象后以预调查的形式来验证了此次研究的可行性。这一章重点介绍了具体的调查过程,包括调查方式的选用和确立、发音人的具体情况、开展调查的流程等方面,奠定了本次研究的实践基础。同时,这一部分还总结了调查的效度和信度,剖析了调查中存在的些许问题,为后文调查结果的探讨提供了可靠的理论保证。第二章从常熟方言和普通话浊音声母的异同出发,整理出了调查所得的数据,并运用数据分析、语图展示等方式对调查中显现出的音变情况进行了分类汇总和描写梳理。第三章结合了前两章中具体的调查过程和调查结果,深入剖析了引起浊声母变异的内外部因素,总结了语言接触背景下常熟方言浊音声母的变异规律。在变异原因和变异规律的指引下,本文找出了普通话对常熟方言渗透的部分趋向,最终预估出了常熟方言浊音声母的发展方向和演变路径。总之,本文以语言接触理论为指导,从共时和历时两个层面对常熟方言浊音声母的现实变异情况进行描写,并在此基础上预测常熟方言中浊音声母在未来的发展走向。
[Abstract]:Language is always in the process of constant change, there is no fixed language system in the world. From a macro point of view, language variation reflects a large group phenomenon, such as the alternation of new and old languages, and from a micro perspective, language variation is reflected in the tiny phonetic differences of each language user. With the popularization of Putonghua and the frequent exchanges between cities, the contact between Putonghua and dialect is getting closer and closer. In Changshu, Putonghua, as a strong dialect, has brought a certain degree of impact to the local dialect system, making Changshu dialect phonetic variation in phonological, lexical and grammatical aspects. The research in this paper is based on the contact between Changshu dialect and Mandarin, and the initial consonant in Changshu dialect. The study used sociolinguistic and dialectal methods to analyze a series of data to describe the tiny phonetic differences between phonetic people. In order to explore the background of language contact Changshu dialect turbidized consonant evolution and development trend. This paper mainly includes four sections: the introduction part describes the content, purpose and significance of this study, a brief introduction of Changshu geographical history and dialect research situation, which provides direction for the following development. The first chapter introduces the historical reasons and theoretical support of choosing the initial voiced consonant as the object of study and verifies the feasibility of the study by pre-investigation. This chapter focuses on the specific investigation process, including the selection and establishment of the investigation method, the specific situation of the pronunciation person, the process of carrying out the investigation and so on, which lays the practical foundation of this study. At the same time, this part also summarizes the validity and reliability of the investigation, analyzes some problems in the investigation, and provides a reliable theoretical guarantee for the later investigation results. The second chapter starts from the similarities and differences between Changshu dialect and Putonghua, collates the data obtained from the investigation, and classifies and describes the phonetic changes in the investigation by means of data analysis, language map display and so on. The third chapter analyzes the internal and external factors that cause the turbid consonant variation and summarizes the variation law of Changshu dialect under the background of language contact. Under the guidance of the cause of variation and the rule of variation, this paper finds out some trends of the penetration of Putonghua into Changshu dialect, and finally predicts the development direction and evolution path of the initial vowel of the dialect of Changshu. In a word, under the guidance of language contact theory, this paper describes the actual variation of the consonants in Changshu dialect from the synchronic and diachronic levels, and predicts the future development trend of the consonants in Changshu dialect.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H173

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