人民性:列宁文论思想的核心与俄国文艺思想资源

发布时间：2018-01-29 20:05

本文关键词： 马克思主义文艺人民性俄国文学列宁列夫·托尔斯泰果戈理　出处：《学习与探索》2016年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文艺的人民性是当代马克思主义文艺思想最核心的概念之一。从马克思和恩格斯早年关注民间文艺,到19世纪中期鼓励工人阶级的诗歌,再到列宁在20世纪初明确提出"艺术属于人民",马克思主义经典作家在欧洲进步文艺观念发展的基础上把文艺的人民性思想提升到了历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义的新高度。马克思主义文艺思想的人民性原则不仅是一个思想立场的原则,还体现为对人民大众喜闻乐见的文艺形式与文艺载体新技术发展趋势的特别关注。在世界进步文艺思想发展的历程中,以普希金、果戈理、涅克拉索夫、陀思妥耶夫斯基、车尔尼雪夫斯基、列夫·托尔斯泰和高尔基为代表的俄国进步文学家对人民性概念的丰富和发展又做出了特殊的贡献。普希金和十二月党诗人继承了启蒙主义传统,强调文艺要关注人民的解放;果戈理把人民性更进一步地与文化的民族特色之艺术表达紧密相连;涅克拉索夫直接赋予了诗歌创作为人民首先是为苦难农民代言的神圣使命;陀思妥耶夫斯基主张文学家要像普希金那样与人民保持血肉相连的密切关系;列夫·托尔斯泰身体力行地书写宏大的人民历史的文学主题;契诃夫呼应托尔斯泰等前辈的人民性思想传统,力求扩展人民概念的内涵,争取广泛阶层的文化民主权利。俄国经典作家在文学人民性思想发展中做出了自己的努力,深化了人民性的思想内蕴,从而成为列宁主义文艺人民性思想构建的重要文化资源。在当代,学习践行马克思主义文艺学的人民性思想,重温世界进步文学思想的人民性传统,努力做到文艺家和文艺批评家为人民服务、为社会主义服务,是繁荣和发展社会主义文艺的根本要求。
[Abstract]:The people's character of literature and art is one of the most core concepts of contemporary Marxist literary and artistic thought, from Marx and Engels' early attention to folk literature and art, to the poetry of encouraging the working class in the middle of 19th century. In 20th century, Lenin made it clear that "art belongs to the people". On the basis of the development of European progressive literary ideas, Marxist classical writers have elevated the people's thought of literature and art to a new height of historical materialism and dialectical materialism. The people's principle of Marxist Literary thought. It's not just a principle of an ideological position. In the course of the development of the world's progressive literary and artistic thought, Pushkin, Gogol, and Necrasov are the most popular literary and artistic forms and carriers of literature and art. Dostoevsky, Chernicheevsky. Russian progressive writers, represented by Leo Tolstoy and Gorky, made special contributions to the enrichment and development of the concept of populace. Pushkin and the Party poets of December inherited the tradition of enlightenment. Emphasizing that literature and art should pay attention to the liberation of the people; Gogol further linked the people's character with the artistic expression of the national characteristics of the culture; Necrossov directly entrusted the creation of poetry for the people first of all for the suffering of farmers speak for the sacred mission; Dostoevsky advocated that writers should maintain a close relationship with the people like Pushkin; Leo Tolstoy practiced the literary themes of the grand history of the people; Chekhov echoed Tolstoy's tradition of people's thought and tried to expand the connotation of the concept of people. The Russian classical writers made their own efforts in the development of literary people's thought and deepened the ideological connotation of the people. Therefore, it has become an important cultural resource for the construction of Leninist literature and art people's thought. In the contemporary era, we should study and practice the Marxist literature and art people's thought and relive the people's tradition of the world's progressive literature thought. Striving to serve the people and socialism is the fundamental requirement for the prosperity and development of socialist literature and art.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院外国文学研究所;
【分类号】：I512.06
【正文快照】： 文艺的人民性是马克思主义文艺学的核心概念之一。马克思主义文艺理论历来重视文艺创作和文艺批评中的人民性问题。尽管马克思、恩格斯和列宁在文艺论著中没有直接使用“人民性”这个概念,但是始终坚持文艺的“人民性”思想确实是马克思主义文艺思想的基本内涵之一。而在欧洲

【相似文献】