从空间理论角度分析奥康纳短篇小说中的异化主题

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:09

本文选题：弗兰纳里·奥康纳　切入点：异化　出处：《湖南师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：弗兰纳里·奥康纳不仅是一位风格独特的艺术家,也是一位虔诚的天主教徒。由于患有当时无法治愈的家族遗传疾病——红斑狼疮,她于39岁就早早离开了人世。她的作品却经受住了时间的考验,在她离世之后的近半个世纪里,评论家们纷纷将注意力集中在奥氏作品中的天主教义、荒诞人物以及种族主义,并在这些领域取得了丰硕的研究成果。然而,很少有人深入其作品所呈现的当代社会背景下人的异化。本文旨在运用列斐伏尔的空间理论来分析奥康纳短篇小说中的异化主题。列斐伏尔提出的空间三一论将空间划分为空间表征、表征空间及空间实践。本文采用平行结构分析种族主义、物质主义和利己主义的空间表征在奥氏作品中的体现,以及它们与人物异化之间的关联。在某种意义上,空间表征无异于社会规约个体的意识形态工具,它渗透在社会空间的各个角落。当个体对空间表征的作用毫无防备时,它通常作为一种异己的力量侵犯人物的心理空间,引起不同程度的自我扭曲和自我异化。这种个体与自我的异化又将导致他们与他人的异化。值得注意的是,小说中还出现另外一种情况。当个体意识到空间表征对其自我的规约和控制之后,他们对空间表征的抵抗和仇恨同样可能扭曲他们的自我,造成其与自我、与他人的异化。总而言之,异化的产生与自我受到异己力量的压制有很大的关联。无论主人公对空间表征的规约是服从还是抵抗,他们自我的扭曲会导致异化,自我的统一能够解除异化。奥康纳的短篇小说的部分主人公通过在意外事件中经历瞬间顿悟,摆脱异己力量对自我的扭曲和侵犯,最终解决长期以来困扰他们的异化。这一规律在社会高速发展、物质不断富足的今天同样具有适用性。通过摆脱社会空间中具有意识形态特征的空间表征的规约和束缚,当代人同样可以重拾自我,解决异化。
[Abstract]:Flannery O'Connor is not only a uniquely styled artist, but also a devout Catholic, suffering from lupus erythematosus, a family disease that was incurable at the time. She died early at the age of 39. Her work withstood the test of time, and for nearly half a century after her death, critics focused on the Catholic, absurd, and racist aspects of his work. And has made great achievements in these fields. However, Few people go deep into the alienation of human beings under the background of contemporary society presented by his works. This paper aims to analyze the alienation theme in O'Connor 's short stories by using Lefeivoll's space theory. Space is divided into spatial representations, This paper uses parallel structure to analyze the representation of racism, materialism and egoism in his works, and the relationship between them and the alienation of characters. Spatial representation is no different from the ideological tool of the individual, which permeates every corner of the social space. When the individual is unprepared for the role of the spatial representation, it usually invades the psychological space of the character as a force of dissent. Cause different degrees of self-distortion and self-alienation. This individual and self-alienation will lead to alienation between them and others. There is another situation in the novel. When individuals become aware of the rules and control of spatial representation over themselves, their resistance to and hatred for spatial representations may also distort their ego and cause it to be with itself. Alienation with others. In a word, the emergence of alienation is closely related to the suppression of self by dissident forces. Whether the protagonists obey or resist the rules of spatial representation, their distortion of self will lead to alienation. The unity of self can remove alienation. Some of the protagonists in O'Connor 's short stories get rid of the distortion and invasion of self by the forces of dissension by experiencing an instant epiphany in an accident. Finally resolve the alienation which has been puzzling them for a long time. This law is also applicable in the rapid development of society and the constant material abundance. By getting rid of the rules and shackles of the space representation with ideological characteristics in the social space, Contemporary people can also regain self and resolve alienation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I712.074

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