在艺术与道德之间游走:谷崎润一郎短篇小说的文学伦理解读

发布时间：2018-03-29 02:06

本文选题：谷崎润一郎　切入点：短篇小说　出处：《社会科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：作为日本耽美派代表作家,谷崎润一郎在其短篇小说创作中表现出鲜明的双重性,呈现出艺术与道德的种种冲突与矛盾。一方面,人物在自由意志的驱使下,漠视各种伦理禁忌,极力彰显其兽性因子,追求强烈的官能刺激,表达自我愚虐的快感和变态的肉欲享受,表现出浓厚的颓废气息和恶魔倾向;另一方面,人物在理性意志的驱动下,恢复其人性因子,以善恶为标准约束或指导自由意志,对其为所欲为的言行举止进行深入的反思。如此,谷崎力求以唯美理念来塑造的艺术形象在其创作实践中却无法摒弃伦理道德原则,其笔下的人物时常会在极度的痛苦与焦虑中承载和展现作为人所具有的道德重荷。当人物伦理身份发生转变,面临生与死的伦理选择时,他们通常会以一种歇斯底里的行为方式和一种撕心裂肺的情感体验,来传达内心的苦闷与绝望,并在情感宣泄之后义无返顾地选择死亡或者一种背德者的生存方式。这种嗜美成恶的艺术表现方式不仅成为了谷崎艺术思想的独特呈现方式,而且还传递了文学的道德教诲功能。这些充分说明了谷崎"为艺术而艺术"的文学主张应该回归到伦理的艺术轨道之上,其笔下的人物才是一个个富有生命的人,而不是被任意图解和断裂的人。
[Abstract]:As a representative writer of the Japanese school of danmei, Tanizaki displayed a distinct duality in his short story creation, showing various conflicts and contradictions between art and morality. On the one hand, the characters were driven by free will. Ignoring all kinds of ethical taboos, trying to show its animal factors, pursuing strong functional stimulation, expressing the pleasure of self-abuse and abnormal sensual enjoyment, showing strong decadence and demonic tendencies; on the other hand, The character, driven by rational will, recovers his human nature factor, restricts or guides free will according to the standard of good and evil, and makes a deep reflection on his behavior of doing whatever he wants. In his creative practice, the artistic image that Takasaki strives to create with the idea of aestheticism cannot abandon the principles of ethics and morality. The characters in his works often bear and show their moral burden as human beings in the extreme pain and anxiety. When the ethical identity of the characters changes and faces the ethical choice of life and death, They usually communicate their distress and despair in a hysterical manner and an emotional experience of tearing their hearts apart. And choose death or a way of life for those who are against virtue after the emotional release. This artistic expression of beauty and evil has not only become a unique way of presenting Takasaki's artistic thought. It also conveys the moral teaching function of literature. These fully illustrate that the literary proposition of "Art for the sake of Art" should be returned to the ethical art track, and the characters in his works are all living people. Instead of being arbitrarily illustrated and broken.
【作者单位】：湖南科技学院中文系;
【基金】：国家社科基金“谷崎润一郎与中国现代文学社团关系研究”(项目编号:13CWW008) 湖南省社科基金“谷崎润一郎短篇小说研究”(项目编号:14YBA178)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I313.074

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