论《哈瓦那特派员》对英国早期间谍小说的戏仿

发布时间：2018-05-03 11:32

本文选题：格林厄姆·格林 + 《哈瓦那特派员》　；参考：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪英国小说家格雷厄姆·格林(1904-1991)活跃于文坛六十余载,创作了25部长篇小说,以及多部短篇小说、戏剧、剧本、游记、自传和文学评论作品,罗杰·沙洛克称其为“当代最杰出的小说家”。格林早期曾把自己的作品分类为“严肃小说”和“消遣小说”,前者多反映人类挣扎于善恶边缘的生存困境,后者则靠惊险的故事情节取胜,娱乐性更强。大多数格林研究者主要关注他的宗教四部曲《布莱顿硬糖》、《权力与荣耀》、《问题的核心》及《恋情的终结》,而对标志着格林间谍小说走向成熟的《哈瓦那特派员》鲜有提及。这部以“冷战”为背景创作的间谍小说,继承了英国早期间谍小说惊悚悬疑的特点,但同时又充斥着各种荒诞元素。本文作者认为, 《哈瓦那特派员》表面上是一部间谍小说,但通过对英国早期间谍小说的戏仿,表达了格林对“冷战”背景下国家与个人、真实与虚构的关系这些重要问题的思考。本论文共六章。第一章为引言。该章介绍格林生平、其文学创作,以及英国早期间谍小说的发展,综述了国内外格林研究现状,说明了本论文的主要观点和研究思路。第二章至第五章是论文的主体部分。第二章分析《哈瓦那特派员》在叙事模式上对英国早期间谍小说的戏仿,它沿用了早期间谍小说的全知叙述视角,但偏离了早期间谍小说的浪漫主义传统,并对其编码／解码模式进行了嘲讽。第三章说明《哈瓦那特派员》在人物塑造上对英国早期间谍小说的戏仿。在这部小说中,英国特工也不再是勇敢刚毅、忠贞爱国的精英,而是出于不同的目的、各自谋利的小人物；相反,反面人物瑟古拉队长和杀手卡特身上却闪烁着人性的光芒。第四章主要探讨《哈瓦那特派员》在情节上对英国早期间谍小说的戏仿。该小说充分吸收早期小说惊悚悬疑的特点,营造了暴力与死亡气氛,但同时还通过一个个怪诞的情节赋予小说黑色幽默的意味。第五章努力揭示格林在这部小说中运用戏仿的意图。本文作者认为,该小说对英国早期间谍小说的戏仿蕴含了格林对冷战背景下个人与国家、真实与虚构之间关系的思考,还原了情报工作的真实状态。通过详细探讨格林对英国早期小说的戏仿及其意图,本文得出以下结论：虽然借鉴了冒险小说的通俗表现形式, 《哈瓦那特派员》并未力图创造一个远离现实的间谍神话,而是通过这出荒诞喜剧揭示出作者的深层思考。通过对情报的真实价值及对特工工作实质和政治忠诚的怀疑,格林成功实现了间谍小说雅俗共赏的功能,这对包括约翰·勒卡雷在内的间谍小说家有着深刻影响。
[Abstract]:The 20th century British novelist Graham Greene (1904-1991) has been active in the literary world for more than 60 years, producing 25 novels, as well as short stories, plays, screenplays, travels, autobiographies, and literary reviews. Roger Schallock called him "the greatest novelist of our time." In the early days, Green classified his works as "serious novels" and "pastime novels", the former mostly reflecting the survival dilemma of mankind struggling on the edge of good and evil, and the latter winning by thrilling storylines, which were more entertaining. Most Green researchers focus on his religious quadrangles Brighton Hardy, Power and Glory, the Core of the problem, and the end of Love, with little mention of the Havana Commissioner, which marks the maturity of Grimm's spy novels. This spy novel based on the Cold War inherits the thriller and suspense of the early British spy novels, but it is also full of all kinds of absurd elements. The writer believes that Commissioner Havana is on the surface a spy novel, but by parody of the early British spy novel, Greene expresses Green's views on the state and the individual in the context of the Cold War. Reflection on the important issues of the relationship between truth and fiction. There are six chapters in this paper. The first chapter is the introduction. This chapter introduces Grimm's life, his literary creation and the development of early British spy novels, summarizes the present situation of Green's research at home and abroad, and explains the main viewpoints and research ideas of this thesis. The second to fifth chapters are the main part of the thesis. The second chapter analyzes the parody of the British early spy novels in the narration mode of the Havana Special Agent. It follows the omniscient narrative angle of the early spy novels, but deviates from the romanticism tradition of the early spy novels. The coding / decoding mode is also ridiculed. Chapter three illustrates the parody of the early British spy novels in Havana. In the novel, British agents are no longer brave, loyal and patriotic elites, but small individuals for different purposes, and, on the contrary, the villains Captain Sergula and Killer Carter have a human glow. Chapter four mainly discusses the parody of the early British spy novels in Havana. The novel fully absorbs the characteristics of the thriller and suspense of the early novels and creates an atmosphere of violence and death, but at the same time endows the novel with a sense of black humor through a series of grotesque plots. Chapter five tries to reveal Green's intention to use parody in the novel. The author believes that the parody of the early British spy novel contains Green's reflection on the relationship between individual and state, truth and fiction in the context of the Cold War, thus restoring the true state of intelligence work. Through a detailed study of Greene's parody of early British novels and their intentions, this paper draws the following conclusions: although drawing on the popular forms of adventure novels, the Havana Special Commissioner does not attempt to create a spy myth far from reality. But through this absurd comedy reveals the author's deep thinking. By questioning the true value of intelligence and the essence and political loyalty of the agent, Green succeeded in realizing the function of espionage novel, which has a profound influence on the espionage novelists, including John Lucare.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I561.074

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