鲁迅与大江健三郎作品中故乡书写的比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 20:34

本文选题：鲁迅 + 大江健三郎　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：故乡是全人类的精神栖息之所,在人的成长过程之中扮演着重要的角色。她会化作人类灵魂深处永恒的记忆,默默地影响着人的一生。在文学作品中,许多作家都将故乡作为书写对象,寄托乡愁、承载理想。而鲁迅与大江健三郎则更为鲜明地执着于对故乡的书写。为了探究二人故乡书写内容、手法以及实质意义上的异同点,本文从三个部分进行阐述。第一部分,分析二人故乡书写内容上的异同。首先,从历史文化角度确定故乡定义。其次,以文本分析为基础,总结二人作品中的故乡形象并比较其异同点。二人作品都将童年乐园与神秘之地视为故乡的美好形象,而反抗力量与精神暴力则作为故乡暴力元素。进而从故乡同中心社会关系的角度入手,发现鲁迅笔下的故乡同旧中国一脉相承,属于传统式,而大江笔下故乡远离中心,具有边缘性。第二部分,分析二人在故乡书写手法上的异同。以作品表现出的全民性和反传统性为切入点,解读二人书写故乡时运用的狂欢化视角;基于对作品中书写者双重身份的分析,阐述二人以儿童和知识分子两种不同身份书写故乡所导致的故乡形象差异。从不同点看,鲁迅在书写故乡时运用了虚写与实写手法,而大江侧重于运用想象力虚构出故乡的历史与现实。第三部分,论证二人故乡书写的实质是精神还乡。从故乡书写特殊的指向性出发,总结出故乡书写既包含过去记忆又包含现实因素的特点,从而发现二人的故乡书写都涵盖了自我救赎与批判现实的丰富含义。但从精神还乡的方式上看,鲁迅侧重于在记忆中寻找故乡印记,而大江则更多地运用想象力创建理想故乡。总之,通过故乡书写,家国命运与作者的个人体验得以充分结合。这体现了故乡在文学作品中的特殊地位与丰富内涵。因此,故乡是灵魂居所的同时也是永恒的文学主题。
[Abstract]:Hometown is the spiritual habitat of all mankind and plays an important role in the process of human growth. She will become the eternal memory of the human soul, silently affecting people's life. In literary works, many writers regard hometown as the writing object, place homesickness and carry the ideal. Lu Xun and Kenshiro Oe are more insistent on the writing of their hometown. In order to explore the content, technique and essence of the writing of their hometown, this paper expounds from three parts. The first part analyzes the similarities and differences in the writing content of the two people's hometown. First of all, from the historical and cultural point of view to determine the definition of hometown. Secondly, on the basis of text analysis, the author summarizes the hometown image in their works and compares their similarities and differences. Both of them regard the paradise of childhood and the mysterious land as the beautiful image of their hometown, while the rebellious force and the spiritual violence are regarded as the elements of violence in their hometown. From the angle of the social relationship between hometown and center, it is found that the hometown of Lu Xun belongs to the traditional style in the same line with the old China, while the hometown in Dajiang is far away from the center, which is marginal. The second part analyzes the similarities and differences of the two people's writing techniques in their hometown. Based on the analysis of the dual identity of the writers in the works, the author interprets the carnival perspective used by them in writing their hometown through the breakthrough point of view of the whole people and the anti-tradition of the works. This paper expounds the differences in the image of hometown caused by the two people writing their hometown as children and intellectuals. From the different point of view, Lu Xun used fictitious writing and real writing in writing his hometown, while Dajiang focused on using imagination to make up the history and reality of his hometown. The third part demonstrates that the essence of the two people's hometown writing is to return to their hometown. Starting from the special directionality of hometown writing, this paper sums up the characteristics of hometown writing including both past memory and realistic factors, and finds out that both of them have rich meanings of self-redemption and critical reality. But in the way of spiritual return, Lu Xun focuses on finding the mark of hometown in memory, while Dajiang uses his imagination more to create ideal hometown. In a word, through the writing of the hometown, the fate of the family and the author's personal experience can be fully combined. This reflects the special position and rich connotation of hometown in literary works. Therefore, hometown is not only the residence of soul, but also the eternal theme of literature.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I106.4-03

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