《野性的呼唤》的回归自然主题分析

发布时间：2018-06-15 14:47

本文选题：价值主体 + 异化　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现在社会文明的发展,人类社会的物质财富得到极大丰富。然而物质财富极大丰富的同时,带来的却是越来越多的人对现实感到迷茫无措。呼唤对自我价值的认同和人性的回归,也是许多学者研究的论题。这也是本文选题的依据。伦敦曾是美国文坛红极一时的宠儿,也曾在去世后十余年几乎被批评界和学界扬弃。之后,又重新获得关注,赢得新生。《野性的呼唤》作为杰克·伦敦的代表作,选取一只文明世界的狗—巴克为主人公,讲述了巴克被驱逐出安乐的文明世界,被迫到艰苦、无情的雪原中工作,最终响应旷野的呼唤,归入狼群的故事。精彩的情节、萦绕着冰冷风暴的故事、质朴的语言,独有的寓言特质,现实主义与浪漫主义的结合,让《野性的呼唤》在今天依旧充满魅力,尤其是小说中的回归主题更是值得探索。本文采用杰克·伦敦代表作《野性的呼唤》为研究对象,阐释“自我的回归”这一主题。着重探讨马克思相关理论视角下的《野性的呼唤》所涉及的“回归”主题,涉及人性的回归、自我价值的回归等,力争指出其新的研究价值,揭示这部作品独特的魅力,从而达到指导现实的作用。尤其在当今社会快速发展的今天,如何在纷扰的现代文明中,克服对文明的焦虑,保留住人性的真、善、美,实现人的本质的回归,是现代人深思的问题。本文主要分为三部分,即引言、正文、结论,系统地论述《野性的呼唤》中的“回归”主题。引言部分主要为杰克·伦敦作品《野性的呼唤》的文献综述及其国内外研究概况,阐述本文选题的目的及其所具有的研究价值及意义。正文部分主要分为三章。第一章为《野性的呼唤》中回归自然主题的理论基础,运用马克思的相关理论分析回归主题的理论依托,深刻剖析社会环境的异化对价值主体自我身份、自我价值方面的认同及主体回归产生的影响。当文明的纽带被割断,本性是否还能保持完好,也是现代人思考的问题。小说中主人公巴克的回归本性也是现代文明下人们对追求自我认同和精神沃土的真实诉求。第二章是主要部分,具体分三部分分析小说中价值主体—巴克回归的原因、过程及回归结果。第一部分从社会因素、环境因素、遗传因素探讨了《野性的呼唤》中,主人公巴克价值回归的原因。除社会因素外,环境因素使他回归野性自我的愿望更加清晰。最后遗传因素揭示了巴克作为动物,回归自然与野性是其遗传本能的体现。第二部分展示了巴克回归自我的曲折过程,为第三部分巴克成功回归荒野回归自我奠定伏笔,从而剖析了巴克回归自我的生理学及精神意义。第三章主要分析了《野性的呼唤》中回归自然主题的艺术表现形式。具体分析了寓言、象征手法、悖论、心理描写等表现手法在小说中的运用,展示了悖论和异化世界下的粗犷美与神秘美以及追寻本真的自由美,揭示了文学意义上的回归主题。结论部分主要是总结全文,阐述论文观点,点明主题。同时指出了现实生活中人性回归的必要。进而为现代人摆脱价值迷失回归本真提出建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of the social civilization, the material wealth of the human society is greatly enriched. However, while the material wealth is rich, more and more people feel confused and confused about the reality. Calling for the identity of self value and the return of human nature are also the subject of many scholars' research. This is the basis of this article. After his death ten years after his death, he had been abandoned by the critics and academics. After that, he gained new attention and won the new life. "The call of the wild" as a representative of Jack London, the dog bark, a civilized world, was selected as the hero, telling the civilized world of Buck being expelled from the peace. Forced to work in arduous and ruthless snow, in response to the call of the wilderness, the story of the wolves, the story of the ice, the story of the cold storm, the simple language, the unique fable, the combination of realism and romanticism, the call of the wild and the charm of the day, especially the theme of the novel. It is worth exploring. This article uses Jack London's representative as the call of wild nature to explain the theme of "return of self". It focuses on the theme of "return" involved in the call of wild nature in the perspective of Marx's related theories, involving the return of human nature and the return of self value, and striving to point out its new research value. To reveal the unique charm of this work, thus achieve the role of guiding the reality, especially in today's fast developing society, how to overcome the anxiety of civilization in the modern civilization, keep the true, good, beautiful, and the return of human nature in the modern civilization, which is the question of the modern people. This article is divided into three parts, that is, introduction. This article systematically discusses the theme of "return" in the call of wild nature. The introduction is mainly a literature review of Jack London's work "calling for the wild" and the general situation at home and abroad. The purpose of this topic and its value and significance are expounded. The main part of the text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is the call of the wild nature. Back to the theoretical basis of the natural theme, using Marx's theory to analyze the theoretical support of the theme, and deeply analyze the influence of the alienation of social environment on the self identity of the value subject, the identity of self value and the influence of the main return. When the bond of civilization is cut, the nature can remain intact, it is also the modern people's thinking. The second chapter is the main part, which is divided into three parts to analyze the reason of the value subject in the novel, the process and the result of return. The first part is from the social, environmental and genetic factors. The reasons for the return of the hero Barker's value in the call of the wild are discussed. In addition to the social factors, the environmental factors make him more clear to the ambition to return to the wild self. Finally, the genetic factor reveals that buck is an animal, and the return of nature and wild nature is the embodiment of his genetic instinct. The second parts show the zigzag process of Buck's return to himself, In the third part, Buck successfully returned to the wilderness to return to his self, and then laid an eye on his return to the wilderness, thereby analyzing the physiological and spiritual significance of Barker's return to himself. The third chapter mainly analyzed the artistic expression of the return to the natural theme in the call of the wild, and analyzed the use of expressions in the novel, such as fables, symbolism, paradox, and psychological description. It shows the rough beauty and mystical beauty in the paradox and the alienated world, and the pursuit of the true freedom and beauty, and reveals the theme of the return of literature. The conclusion is mainly the summary of the full text, the views of the thesis, the point of view, and the necessity of the return of human nature in the real life. Make a suggestion.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】