《还乡》的原型解读

发布时间：2018-07-16 17:46

【摘要】：托马斯·哈代习惯于将古典文学,希腊神话,圣经故事中的典故以及自身经历融入悲剧创作。作为他著名的一部悲剧小说,《还乡》也不例外。由于哈代选用具有原型意义的人物,意象和母题,依据神话构建这部小说,本论文运用原型批评理论,试图对小说中的人物,意象,母题和叙事结构作原型解读。首先,哈代所塑造的悲剧人物形象具有原型意义。小说中的悲剧人物与希腊神话和圣经中的悲剧形象存在某种意义上的契合点。与基督和俄狄浦斯一样,克林是一个被献祭的替罪羊形象。游苔莎被塑造得如希腊女神一般,却身陷宗族社会的控制而无法摆脱。韦狄的原型是撒旦,因为他代表着引诱,堕落。姚伯太太爱护儿子和侄女,最终却也落得悲剧下场。哈代运用原型意象加强了这部小说的悲剧色彩。通过魔幻般的爱敦荒原,黑暗的夜色,具有毁灭性的火和水,作者强调了悲剧人物所处的社会是压迫,堕落和死亡的象征。此外,小说作者还将一些原型母题嵌入小说叙述中,男、女主人公都意图逃离当时所处的生活状态,追求一种他们内心的乐园。在经历了丧失亲人和死亡等一系列痛苦的磨难之后,他们回归到了一种相对平静和成熟的状态。通过分析小说中的人物,意象,母题等所具有的原型意义,本文意在揭示哈代对落后压迫的社会秩序的揭露和批判,在这种社会体制下,人们处于命运的反复无常的愚弄却又无能为力的困境。哈代通过将重复出现的具有普遍意义的神话人物形象,原型意象和母题等嵌入这部悲剧小说来塑造他的悲剧人物,巧妙构造悲剧情节,并引起读者的心理共鸣和对悲剧的思考。这部哈代悲剧的开山之作充分显示了作者对人和社会的悲剧观,以及进行社会改良的强烈愿望。
[Abstract]:Thomas Hardy is used to incorporating classical literature, Greek mythology, biblical allusions and his own experiences into tragedy. As a famous tragic novel, returning to Home is no exception. As Hardy selects characters, images and motifs with archetypal significance, and constructs the novel according to mythology, this thesis attempts to make archetypal interpretation of characters, images, motifs and narrative structures in the novel by using archetypal criticism theory. First of all, the tragic characters created by Hardy have archetypal significance. The tragic characters in the novel agree with the Greek mythology and the tragic images in the Bible in a certain sense. Like Christ and Oedipus, Kling is a scapegoat image of sacrifice. Yutsa was shaped like a Greek goddess, but under the control of a patriarchal society. Wheedy's archetype is Satan, because he stands for seduction and depravity. Mrs. Yeober took care of her son and niece, but ended up in tragedy. Hardy used archetypal imagery to strengthen the tragic color of the novel. Through the magical Eden wasteland, the darkness of night, the destructive fire and water, the author emphasizes that the society in which the tragic characters live is the symbol of oppression, depravity and death. In addition, some archetypal motifs are embedded in the narration of the novel, in which both the male and female protagonists intend to escape their living conditions and pursue a kind of inner paradise. After a series of painful ordeals, such as bereavement and death, they returned to a relatively calm and mature state. By analyzing the archetypal significance of characters, images and motifs in the novel, this paper intends to reveal Hardy's revelation and criticism of the backward oppressive social order. People are in the quandary of fate, fooling and powerless. Hardy embed repeated mythical characters, archetypal images and motifs in the tragedy novel to shape his tragic characters, construct the tragedy plot, and arouse the readers' psychological resonance and thinking about the tragedy. The opening work of Hardy's tragedy fully shows the author's tragic view of man and society and his strong desire for social improvement.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I561.074

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