易卜生戏剧中的悲剧意识

发布时间：2018-07-17 08:30

【摘要】：亨利克·易卜生是19世纪挪威著名戏剧家,现代散文剧的创始人,一生共创作戏剧27部,同时写有丰富的诗歌和文艺类论文。本文选取易卜生的八部悲剧作为研究对象,通过对悲剧事件的分析,探究戏剧主人公悲剧性的根源。本文研究的重点,是对易卜生戏剧人物所体现出的悲剧体悟进行梳理,由此分析易卜生在其作品中所展示出的悲剧意识。从而正确理解易卜生在悲剧艺术中所展现出的悲剧人生观。本文以悲剧事件为切入点,通过绝对精神的诉求、社会真理的探寻以及自由意志的反思三个方面对易卜生的悲剧创作进行阐释,深入研究易卜生悲剧中所体现出的悲剧意识。论文主体共分为四个部分:第一章悲剧意识的书写方式。本文所指悲剧意识包括三个方面,即主人公通过悲剧事件,获得一种对人生具有指导意义的悲剧体悟,进而形成一种自觉的悲剧意识,在悲剧意识的引导下实现人生悲剧性的超越。第二章个体化进程的探寻。本章选取易卜生浪漫主义创作阶段的三个剧本,通过悲剧主人公传达绝对精神至上的诉求,即人如何在保持应有的社会属性的同时保持自我的本来面目。第三章身份、权力隐蔽下的谋杀。通过人私利与德行、个人诉求与义务以及话语权与真理等二元关系间的对立,对社会悲剧的根源进行阐释。第四章理想主义者的自我救赎。从《野鸭》中对“生命谎言”的思考开始,易卜生对自己以往所坚持的绝对、纯粹的精神自由已经存有疑问。通过悲剧事件造成的死亡,反思脱离了人和社会现实活动的理想所产生的毁灭性力量。
[Abstract]:Henrik Ibsen, a famous Norwegian dramatist in the 19th century, was the founder of modern prose dramas. This article selects Ibsen's eight tragedies as the research object, through the analysis of the tragic events, explores the tragic root of the drama protagonist. The focus of this study is to sort out Ibsen's tragic understanding of the dramatic characters, and to analyze Ibsen's tragic consciousness in his works. Thus Ibsen correctly understood the tragic outlook on life that Ibsen showed in the tragic art. In this paper, the tragic events as the breakthrough point, through the pursuit of absolute spirit, the search for social truth and the reflection of free will to explain Ibsen's tragic creation, in-depth study of Ibsen tragedy reflected in the tragic consciousness. The main body of the thesis is divided into four parts: the first chapter is the writing mode of tragedy consciousness. The tragic consciousness in this paper includes three aspects, namely, the protagonist obtains a kind of tragic understanding which has guiding significance to life through tragic events, and then forms a kind of conscious tragic consciousness. Under the guidance of tragic consciousness, the tragic transcendence of life is realized. Chapter two explores the process of individualization. This chapter selects the three plays of Ibsen's Romantic creation stage, and conveys the absolute spiritual supreme appeal through the tragic protagonist, that is, how to keep the social attribute while maintaining the true identity of oneself. Chapter III identity, murder in the concealment of power. The root of social tragedy is explained through the antagonism between personal self-interest and virtue, personal appeal and duty, and the dualistic relationship between right of speech and truth. Chapter four: the self-redemption of idealists. Ibsen has questioned the absolute, purely spiritual freedom he once insisted on, starting with the wild duck's thinking of "life lies." Through the death caused by tragic events, reflect on the destructive force produced by the ideal of human and social realistic activities.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I533.073

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