论奈保尔《河湾》中后殖民国家的民族文化危机

发布时间：2018-12-07 13:41

【摘要】：维·苏·奈保尔,是2001年诺贝尔文学奖获得者,也是当代重要的后殖民作家之一,他创作了很多关于后殖民时代的作品,在这些作品中,奈保尔向世界展示了身处后殖民时代的人民和国家所面临的种种生存与发展问题。《河湾》是他重要的后殖民作品之一,被称为最后一部现代主义史。这部作品较客观的呈现了后殖民时代以河湾小镇为代表的后殖民国家的个人和民族的生存状态,并暴露了其民族文化发展所面临的问题。本文以弗兰特齐·法侬,霍米·巴巴,爱德华·赛义德等后殖民理论家的理论做为支撑,探究后殖民时代以河湾小镇为代表的后殖民国家的民族文化发展现状,挖掘新时期促进其良性发展的政治和文化策略。首先,本文探析了后殖民时代在西方经济文化霸权和非洲落后的“丛林”文化影响下,河湾小镇国家所面临的文化生存危机；其次,进一步论述了后殖民时代混杂性所导致的河湾小镇人们所面临的文化信仰危机,其中涉及人们对多元文化身份的困惑,对理想与现实的迷茫,对传统与现代的焦虑和对英国文化的依附和背离：最后阐释了后殖民时代河湾小镇所采取的两种民族文化建构方式所面临的危机。其中包括河湾小镇采取原发主义注重和回归民族历史文化传统的方式来建构民族文化,最终因其历史的缺乏而遭遇失败；“新领地”采取盲目模仿西方现代文明的方式,最终也遭遇了失败。本文对后殖民时代河湾小镇国家民族文化危机的探析为当今后殖民国家民族文化的发展提供了启示。在这多元文化共存和发展的世界中,国际社会应为后殖民时代第三世界国家创造更多的发展空间。另外,第三世界国家应该加强民族自我意识和民族自信心,正确处理本民族文化与全球多元文化尤其是西方主流文化的关系,最终走上本民族特色发展之路。
[Abstract]:Wei Su Naipaul, a 2001 Nobel Prize winner in literature and one of the most important contemporary postcolonial writers, has written a lot about the post-colonial era. Naipaul demonstrated to the world the problems of survival and development faced by the people and nations in the post-colonial era. Estuary is one of his important post-colonial works, which is called the last modernism history. This work presents objectively the individual and national living conditions of the post-colonial country represented by the small town in the river bay in the post-colonial era, and exposes the problems faced by the development of its national culture. This paper, supported by the theories of the post-colonial theorists, such as Frante Zi-farnon, Homi Baba and Edward said, explores the current situation of the national culture development of the post-colonial countries in the post-colonial era, represented by the small towns in the river bay. Excavate the political and cultural strategy that promotes its benign development in the new period. First of all, this paper analyzes the post-colonial era under the influence of the western economic and cultural hegemony and the backward "jungle" culture in Africa, the cultural survival crisis faced by the small town country of River Bay; Secondly, it further discusses the crisis of cultural belief that people in Hewan Town are facing due to the hybrid nature of the post-colonial era, which involves people's confusion about multiculturalism identity, confusion about ideal and reality. Anxiety about tradition and modernity and dependence on and deviation from English culture: finally, it explains the crisis that two kinds of national culture construction methods adopted in the post-colonial era. Among them, the town of Hewan adopted the way of emphasizing and returning to the historical and cultural tradition of the nation to construct the national culture, and finally suffered a defeat because of the lack of its history. New Territories, which blindly imitated modern Western civilization, also failed. The analysis of the national culture crisis of the small town in the river bay in the post-colonial era provides enlightenment for the future development of the national culture in the colonial country. In this multicultural coexistence and development world, the international community should create more development space for the third world countries in the post-colonial era. In addition, the third world countries should strengthen the national self-consciousness and national self-confidence, correctly handle the relationship between the national culture and the global multiculturalism, especially the western mainstream culture, and finally embark on the road of the development of their own national characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I561.074

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