病态与颓废的诗人:对民国时期波德莱尔批评中一种趋向的探源与反思

发布时间：2019-03-12 14:12

【摘要】：波德莱尔颓废诗人的形象在民国被广泛接受。许多民国批评家认为诗人的颓废是一种病态,我们的研究表明,这与19世纪后半叶欧洲兴起的从病理学角度分析波德莱尔的风潮有关。一些欧洲精神病医生试图将诗人定义为患有神经疾病的人,其中Cesare Lombroso和M ax Nordau的作品被民国批评家广泛征引,塑造了民国以"神经"、"情调"和"颓废"为关键词的一套波德莱尔批评术语。中国批评家易于接受Lombroso和Nordau的理论,与波德莱尔部分作品的晦涩、中国批评家们的留日经历,乃至希望在言谈中炫耀西洋医学新名词的心理有关。然而,如果反思理性如何迫使颓废变成现有价值判断体系中的贬义词,我们便能够理解波德莱尔的通感、人工化等理论的人文主义价值,而非简单地将其斥之为一种病态。
[Abstract]:The image of Baudelaire's decadent poet was widely accepted in the Republic of China. Many critics of the Republic of China think that the poet's decadence is a pathological condition, and our research shows that this is related to the pathological analysis of the Baudelaire wave that arose in Europe in the second half of the 19th century. Some European psychiatrists have tried to define poets as people with neurological disorders. Among them, the works of Cesare Lombroso and M ax Nordau have been widely cited by critics of the Republic of China, shaping the Republic of China as a "nerve". "sentiment" and "decadence" is a set of critical terms for Baudelaire. Chinese critics are apt to accept the theory of Lombroso and Nordau, which is related to the obscurity of some of Baudelaire's works, the experience of Chinese critics in Japan, and even the psychological desire to show off the new term of western medicine in their speeches. However, if we reflect on how reason forces decadence to become a derogatory term in the existing system of value judgment, we can understand the humanistic value of Baudelaire's synaesthesia, artificialization, and other theories, rather than simply dismiss it as a pathological condition.
【作者单位】：复旦大学外文学院法文系;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“法国文学在民国文学期刊中的译介”(编号:15CWW008)的部分研究成果
【分类号】：I565.072

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