劳伦斯短篇小说中女性形象的嬗变

发布时间：2018-01-02 04:34

本文关键词：劳伦斯短篇小说中女性形象的嬗变　出处：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为20世纪英国文学最重要的作家之一,也是西方文学史上最富有争议的作家之一,戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯(1885-1930)是一位多产作家。在他短暂的20多年的文学生涯中,共创作了12部长篇小说,50多篇中短篇小说,多本诗集,大量的散文随笔、文学评论和翻译作品。同时,他还出版过绘画集,举办过画展,可谓是一位文学艺术领域里名副其实的多面手。他的文学作品具有经久不衰的魅力,在全世界范围内广为流传。在劳伦斯所有体裁的作品当中,他的长篇小说获得了最多的好评。然而,近来不少评论家认为劳伦斯的短篇小说由于篇幅较短,结构紧凑,并且主题凝练,冲突集中,因而更为精巧和出色。此外,劳伦斯对生活的观察,对宇宙的思考,对人类内心世界的探索在他的短篇小说中得到了更鲜明、更突出的体现。笔者在研读劳伦斯的短篇小说的过程中还发现,其前期短篇小说在主题、故事背景、人物形象和语言方面与其前期的长篇小说有颇多相似之处,尤其是前期短篇与长篇小说中的女性形象十分相似。然而劳伦斯的后期短篇小说则与其长篇作品不同,并且其后期短篇中的女性形象在某种程度上语气前期作品中的女性相比呈现出明显的不同。但是同劳伦斯前期作品相比,尤其是前期的长篇小说,后期的短篇小说受到的关注和研究较为稀少。因此,笔者认为很有必要将研究的视线转移到劳伦斯的短篇小说上,尤其是其短篇小说中的女性形象,这将非常有助于对劳伦斯及其短篇作品产生新的、更深刻的、更全面的认识。本文共选取了劳伦斯从文学创作的前期到后期的11篇短篇小说进行分析研究,因为这11篇短篇小说中的女性形象不仅具有代表性,而且可以很好地说明劳伦斯短篇小说中女性形象的嬗变。本文从社会历史的角度,通过文本细读的方式,并结合劳伦斯的书信,游记及传记作品等来分析这11篇短篇作品中的女性人物形象。本文首先分析了劳伦斯前期短篇小说中的女性人物并将她们大致分为两类,一类是深陷婚姻之中的绝望主妇,另一类是被爱唤醒的年轻女孩。接着本文解读了劳伦斯几篇有代表性的后期短篇小说中的女性人物形象,发现劳伦斯对这些女性人物的刻画与前期有很大不同,具体表现在后期短篇小说中的女性的生活不再局限于自己的家庭琐事或对婚姻的不满之中,而是向原始神秘的力量进行探索,勇敢地回归到大自然中寻求生命与活力。后期还有一类与前期形成反差的女性形象。这类女性无畏地与那些对自己的子女有很强的控制欲和占有欲的母亲作斗争。她们最终取得胜利,挣脱了畸形母爱的束缚,获得自由。通过对劳伦斯前期短篇小说中的女性人物和后期女性人物的细致分析和对比,本文得出在劳伦斯短篇小说的创作中对于女性人物的形象塑造有一个明显的发展和嬗变。并且,这一演变其实并不单纯是作者文学创作上的成熟,更是其思想上的深化和发展。这种嬗变体现了劳伦斯文学创作的后期对现代工业文明对人性的异化、本能的压抑的更深刻的批判,并对如何处理人类与自然的关系,对女性的未来以及人类的未来进行了更加深入的思索。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important writers in the twentieth Century English literature, one of the most controversial writers in western literary history, David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930) is a prolific writer. In his short 20 years of literary career, a total of 12 novels, more than 50 short stories, poetry books, a lot of prose and essays, literary criticism and translation. At the same time, he also published painted paintings, hosted the exhibition, it is worthy of the name of a generalist in the field of literature and art. His literary works have unfailing charm, widely circulated around the world.
In all of Laurence works, his novel has gained the most praise. However, recently, many critics believe that Laurence's short stories because of short, compact structure, and the theme of conflict, and thus more concise, delicate and excellent. In addition, Laurence's observation of life, the universe of thought, to explore the inner world of human has been in his short stories more vivid, embody more prominent. The author also found that the process of short stories in the study of Laurence in the early short novels, the story background, there are a lot of similarities of characters and language and early novels, especially female images and early short stories in the novels are very similar. But Laurence's late short stories and novels, and the late short stories of female image in some extent In the earlier stage works, there are obvious differences between the females. However, compared with Laurence's early works, especially the early novels, the later ones are less concerned.
Therefore, I think it is necessary to shift the line of sight to Laurence's short stories, especially the female images in his short stories, which will contribute to a new, deeper and more comprehensive understanding of Laurence and his short works.
This paper selected the analysis of Laurence's 11 short stories from the early to the late literary creation, because the image of women in these 11 short stories in not only representative, but also can explain the evolution of female images in Laurence's novels. From the society historical perspective, through a close reading of the text and, with the letters of Laurence, travels and biographical works to analyze the 11 short works of female characters. This paper first analyzes the female characters in Laurence's early short stories and they will be divided into two categories, one is the desperate housewives trapped in marriage, the other is awakened by the young girl love. Then this article interprets Laurence several representative late short stories of female characters, found the depiction and early Laurence of these female characters are very different, Specific performance in the late short stories of women in life are no longer confined to their own household chores or to dissatisfaction with the marriage, but to explore the original mysterious power, brave to return to nature for life and vitality. Later there is a class with pre formed female image of anti poor. This kind of women and fearless those of their children have a strong desire to control and possessive mother struggle. They won the final victory, to break the shackles, deformed motherhood free. The female characters in Laurence's early short stories and later female characters in the detailed analysis and comparison, we create an obvious development and evolution of female characters in Laurence's short stories. And this is not only the evolution is the author's creation, it is the thought of the deep And development. This evolution reflects Laurence's literary creation stage of modern industrial civilization alienation of human nature, the repression of human instinct more profound criticism, and how to deal with relationship of man and nature, to women's future and the future of human thinking more deeply.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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