透析《黎明时出发》与《真理的彼岸》中流亡知识分子的权力现象

发布时间：2018-03-22 15:32

本文选题：权力　切入点：尼日利亚流亡知识分子　出处：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文对沃莱·索因卡的回忆录《黎明时出发》和贝弗利·奈杜的小说《真理的彼岸》所反映的流亡知识分子权力现象进行解读,为流亡知识分子这一文化现象的研究提供参考。在尼日利亚极权主义国家里备受压迫,需要流亡以保全自身的知识分子,在接收国中有可能遇到两种截然不同的命运：他们也许会在文化夹缝中艰难生存,也有可能变得强大而有影响力。在深入解读相关权力理论的基础上,本文认为流亡知识分子的权力应该理解为其改变极权主义现状的能力,使之能够向着希望的效果发展,这种效果在文本中表现为取得言论、出版的自由,以及实现真正的民主与正义。本文对两部尼日利亚流亡文学作品进行解读,指出社会/政治制度的转变,流亡知识分子对知识的坚持(这种知识在接收国中表现为另类真相),以及海外媒体的协助是构成流亡知识分子权力现象不可忽视的因素。本文由六章组成。第一章简述论文的目的与意义,以文献综述的形式指出虽然前人对流亡知识分子作了不少研究,但流亡知识分子的权力现象及其根源仍有值得关注和发挥的地方；本文从尼日利亚流亡知识分子入手,探讨文本中反映的权力现象,为流亡知识分子的研究提供参考。权力是第二章关注的要点,通过解读文本,解答什么是流亡知识分子的权力这一关键问题。接下来的三章从不同方向探讨文本中构成这一权力现象的因素。第三章首先指出流亡知识分子的权力现象是社会/政治制度转变的结果,于文本中表现为从尼日利亚到美国和伦敦的转变,认为跨越地理边界(border-crossing)本身具有解构极权主义的意味,流亡知识分子能够从中获得权力的根本,即人身自由。第四章论述流亡知识分子的知识在接收国表现为另类事实(alternative facts),驳斥极权主义谎言,这不仅是对抗极权主义思想操控的策略,更能增加公众的知识和思想自由。第五章紧接着指出另类事实的宣传普及离不开海外媒体的协助,本章论述的媒体既包括圭流媒体(例如文本中提到的伦敦七点钟电视新闻),也包括非主流媒体(文中主要论述的是专门播放反对声音的小电台)。最后,第六章总结全文,归纳社会/政治制度的转变,另类事实与媒体协助是两个文本反映的尼日利亚流亡知识分子权力现象的主要来源。
[Abstract]:This paper interprets the phenomenon of intellectual power in exile as reflected in Waley Soyinka's memoir departure at Dawn and Beverly Naidu's novel "the other Bank of Truth" in order to provide a reference for the study of the cultural phenomenon of exiled intellectuals. Oppressed in Nigeria's totalitarian state that needs to be exiled to preserve its intellectuals, it is possible to encounter two very different destinies in the receiving countries: they may struggle to survive in the midst of culture. It is also possible to become powerful and influential. On the basis of deep understanding of relevant power theories, this paper argues that the power of intellectuals in exile should be understood as their ability to change the status quo of totalitarianism so that it can develop toward the desired effect. This effect is manifested in the achievement of freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, and the achievement of true democracy and justice. This paper interprets two works of Nigerian literature in exile and points out the transformation of the social / political system. The persistence of exiled intellectuals in knowledge (this knowledge is manifested as a kind of alternative truth in the receiving countries and the assistance of overseas media are the factors that can not be ignored) constitute the phenomenon of the power of the intellectuals in exile. This paper consists of six chapters. The first chapter briefly describes the purpose and significance of the thesis, and points out that although the former scholars have done a lot of research on the exiled intellectuals, the power phenomenon and its root causes of the exiled intellectuals are still worthy of attention and play in the form of literature review. Starting with the exiled intellectuals in Nigeria, this paper probes into the phenomenon of power reflected in the text, and provides a reference for the study of exiled intellectuals. Power is the main point of the second chapter. By interpreting the text, we can answer the key question of what is the power of the intellectuals in exile. The next three chapters discuss the factors that constitute the phenomenon of this power in the text from different directions. The third chapter first points out that the power phenomenon of the intellectuals in exile is the result of the transformation of social / political system, which is shown in the text as the transition from Nigeria to the United States and London. It is believed that border-crossing has the meaning of deconstructing totalitarianism, from which exiled intellectuals can gain power, that is, personal freedom. The fourth chapter discusses that the knowledge of the intellectuals in exile in the receiving country is manifested as alternative facts, refuting the totalitarian lies, which is not only a strategy to resist the manipulation of totalitarian ideas, but also increase the freedom of knowledge and thought of the public. The fifth chapter then points out that the promotion and popularization of alternative facts can not be achieved without the assistance of overseas media. This chapter deals with both streaming media (such as the 07:00 London TV news channel mentioned in the text and non-mainstream media). Finally, chapter six summarizes the full text and concludes the transformation of social / political system. Alternative facts and media assistance are the main sources of the power phenomenon of Nigerian exiled intellectuals reflected in the two texts.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I106

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