论契诃夫戏剧创作中的女性形象

发布时间：2018-05-06 04:06

本文选题：契诃夫 + 女性形象　；参考：《山东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：契诃夫是俄国重要的短篇小说家和著名的戏剧家，被认为是19世纪末俄国现实主义文学流派的杰出代表。女性问题一直是契诃夫文学创作中关注的重点问题。本论文采用作品分析法和材料文献分析相结合的方法，通过阅读文本并结合作家的人生经历和创作思想的发展，分析了契诃夫多幕剧中的三类女性形象，探讨了剧作中三类女性形象对自我满足感的不同寻求方式，以及他所塑造的这些经典女性文学形象产生的社会意义。从而达到深化对契诃夫戏剧文学创作的认识，挖掘出其中值得人们深思和作家想要表达的关于人类生存困惑的创作主旨。论文主要由以下几个部分组成：第一部分是引言，主要是从整体上对国内外契诃夫的研究状况进行了归纳总结，并简单介绍了作家的人生经历和主要创作成果。第二部分是本文的第一章，契诃夫多幕剧中的各类女性形象。本章对契诃夫的几部多幕剧中的女性形象进行了分类，并总结了她们的不同特点以及作家对她们的不同态度。本文将契诃夫多幕剧中的女性形象主要分为三大类：第一类是信仰宗教的女性，她们的生活是不幸的，往往是处于社会的边缘地带，感受不到生活的温暖惬意。契诃夫对她们给予了深深的同情和怜悯。第二类是庸俗无聊的女性。她们之中既有小市民阶层的丑陋代表，又有没落贵族的无力呻吟。契诃夫对她们是倍感厌恶的，契诃夫认为她们这类人的人生是毫无意义的。还有一类女性寄托着契诃夫对美好未来的渴求的，面对人生的困惑，她们寻求着存在的意义，向未来的新生活发出了呼唤。第二章是本论文的重点部分，主要分析了契诃夫戏剧中的各类女性形象对自我满足感的不同寻求方式。这种对自我满足感的寻求分为三种形式，而这三种形式也是与其自身的生存状态息息相关和互相呼应的。第一类是信仰宗教的女性，她们自然而然地会把心灵寄托在上帝那里，正是这种信仰的力量，支撑着她们勇敢地面对生活中的种种不幸。第二类是庸俗无聊的女性，，她们的内心需求也是低级而乏味的，她们通过控制欲的实现或者外部事物的刺激，来满足自己空虚的心灵并且沉醉其中。而第三类即那些渴求真正生活的女性则是通过自我的实现，寻得精神上的满足，虽然她们之中有的更多的是面对着生存的困惑，但是起码她们意识到了真正有意义的生活不应该是这个样子的。第三章主要论述了契诃夫为何在其文学创作中关注女性问题，以及他对女性问题的关注所产生的积极社会意义。契诃夫关注女性问题并在文学的殿堂里留下这么多闪耀的结晶，是与他的人生经历和个人的品德修养分不开的。而他在戏剧中所塑造的各类女性形象，也为后人了解那个时代的真实境况提供了可靠的依据。结语部分对全文作了简要的总结，阐释了契诃夫在其戏剧创作中所提出的问题，以及契诃夫戏剧作品中的局限性。
[Abstract]:Chekhov is an important Russian short story novelist and famous dramatist. It is regarded as an outstanding representative of Russian realistic literary genres at the end of the nineteenth Century. The issue of women has always been a key issue in Chekhov's literary creation. This paper combines the method of combining the analysis of works with the analysis of materials and literature, and combines the reading text and combines it. The writer's life experience and the development of his creative thought analysis the three types of female images in Chekhov's plays, and discuss the different ways of seeking the self satisfaction of the three types of female images in the play, and the social significance of the classical female literary images he has created. Thus, the literary creation of Chekhov is deepened. Recognize and dig out the creations that are worth pondering and writers want to express about the confusion of human existence.
The thesis is mainly composed of the following parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly summarizing the research status of Chekhov at home and abroad, and briefly introducing the writer's life experience and the main creation results. The second part is the first chapter of this article, the various female images in Chekhov's many acts. This chapter is on Chekhov The female images in several episodic plays are classified, and their different characteristics and their different attitudes to them are summed up. This paper divides the female images in Chekhov's plays mainly into three categories: the first category is the women who believe in religion, their lives are unfortunate, often in the edge of the society, and are not felt. The warmth and comfort of life. Chekhov gave them deep sympathy and pity. The second category was the vulgar and boring woman. Among them, they had both the ugly representatives of the small townspeople and the feeble moans of the nobility. Chekhov was distagful to them, and Chekhov thought that the life of these people was meaningless. Like a woman, she is entrusted with Chekhov's yearning for the bright future and facing the puzzlement of life. They seek the meaning of existence and call for a new life in the future.
The second chapter is the key part of this paper. It mainly analyzes the different ways of seeking self contentment in Chekhov's drama. The search for self satisfaction is divided into three forms, and the three forms are closely related and mutually echoing with their own living conditions. The first category is the women who believe in religion, They naturally hold their minds to God, which is the power of this belief that supports them bravely facing the misfortunes of life. The second are the vulgar and boring women whose inner needs are low and boring, to satisfy their emptiness by controlling the reality of desire or the stimulus of external things. The third kind of women who are thirst for real life are realized through their own self, seeking spiritual satisfaction, although some of them are more faced with the confusion of survival, but at the very least they realize that the real life should not be the way it is.
The third chapter mainly discusses why Chekhov pays attention to the female problems in his literary creation and the positive social significance of his attention to the female problem. Chekhov pays attention to the female problems and leaves so many glittering crystals in the palace of literature, which is inseparable from his life experience and personal character. All kinds of female images in the play also provide a reliable basis for the future generations to understand the real situation of that time. The conclusion makes a brief summary of the full text, explains the problems raised by Chekhov in his dramatic creation, and the limitations of Chekhov's dramatic works.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I512.073

【参考文献】