福克纳小说《村子》之原型批评解读

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:37

本文选题：威廉·福克纳 + 斯诺普斯三部曲　；参考：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：威廉·福克纳是20世纪世界文坛的奇迹,也是最突出的现代派作家之一。1949年,福克纳被瑞典皇家科学院授予了诺贝尔文学奖。斯诺普斯三部曲是福克纳第一部,也是唯一的一部三部曲,其包括《村子》(1940)、《小镇》(1957)、《大宅》(1959)。《村子》是斯诺普斯三部曲的第一篇,主要讲述了弗莱姆不择手段从一名无名小卒成功转变为富有人士的发家史。原型批评是二十世纪五六十年代流行于西方的十分重要的批评流派。创始人弗莱在1975年发表了成名作《批评的剖析》,集中阐释了神话原型批评。本文引入原型批评理论来探讨小说中人物的性格特点,文中选取的主要人物分别是弗莱姆,尤拉和小约翰太太。小说主人公弗莱姆一直以其唯利是图和贪婪狡诈的性格著称,他像一条“蛇”打破了村子原本的宁静,而他的原型人物撒旦则打破了天堂的秩序。尤拉是福克纳注重刻画的女性,代表了女性的自然之美,尤拉的原型人物是阿佛洛狄忒,狄奥尼索斯和普希芬尼。与尤拉相比,小约翰太太所占笔墨则相对较少,可她仍无可替代,她的智慧与敏锐的洞察力,甚至可以与智慧女神雅典娜相媲美。通过将小说中的人物与原型人物进行结合,本文旨在更深层地剖析小说中人物的性格特色,探讨福克纳赋予他们的深刻含义。弗莱姆虽然是作者精心塑造的人物,但作者却对其嗤之以鼻；尤拉是作者十分喜爱的女性,并且总是将她与美好的自然景象相联系,但作者并不敬佩尤拉,他真正敬佩的独具智慧的小约翰太太。
[Abstract]:William Faulkner is one of the most prominent modernist writers and a miracle of the 20th century. In 1949, Faulkner was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Snowps trilogy is Faulkner's first and only trilogy. It includes Village, 1940, small Town, 1957, and House, 1959. Village is the first of the Snowps trilogy. It mainly tells the history of Fleming's successful transformation from a nobody to a wealthy family. Archetypal criticism is a very important school of criticism popular in the West in the 1950s and 1960s. Fry, the founder, published an analysis of criticism in 1975, focusing on archetypal criticism of mythology. In this paper, the archetypal criticism theory is introduced to explore the character characteristics of the characters in the novel. The main characters selected in the thesis are Fleming, Yula and Mrs. John Jr. Flemish, the protagonist of the novel, has long been known for his mercenary and greedy character, who like a snake broke the village's original tranquillity, while his archetypal character Satan broke the order of heaven. Eula is Faulkner's focus on women, representing the natural beauty of women. The archetypal characters of Yura are Aphrodite, Dionysus and Pushfani. Mrs. John Jr. had less writing than Yula, but she was still irreplaceable, and her wisdom and keen insight were even comparable to Athena, the goddess of wisdom. By combining the characters in the novel with the archetypal characters, this paper aims to further analyze the character characteristics of the characters in the novel and explore the profound meaning given to them by Faulkner. Flemish is the author's elaborate figure, but the author scoffs at it; Eula is the woman she loves and always associates her with the beautiful natural scene, but the author does not admire her. He really admires the only wise little Mrs. John.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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