《小世界》中的对话与狂欢

发布时间：2018-05-09 18:27

本文选题：《小世界》 + 对话性　；参考：《宁夏大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：戴维·洛奇(1935-)是一位国际文坛上声誉颇高的横跨小说界和批评界的英国小说家和批评家。他的作品主要分为文学理论研究和小说及剧本创作两大类。《小世界》自问世以来在国内外都引起强烈反响,被誉为是自《幸运的吉姆》以来最有趣、最卓越的小说,并获英国文学布克奖提名。作为洛奇校园小说的代表作,《小世界》被评论家认为是一本典型的后现代主义作品。众多文学评论家对《小世界》的后现代特点,独特的叙事策略以及深刻的主题等方面做了研究,并取得了一定的成果。在现有的批评资料中,虽然也有学者注意到了《小世界》中的对话性和狂欢化特征,但很少有人就《小世界》的对话性和狂欢化特征进行专门研究。因此,本论文以米哈伊尔·米哈伊洛维奇·巴赫金的对话性和狂欢化理论为基础,对《小世界》的对话性和狂欢化进行研究。论文简要介绍了戴维·洛奇的生平及其作品,他对文学领域的贡献以及小说《小世界》的故事梗概,并对巴赫金对话性和狂欢化理论中重要的概念作了概括和介绍。在此基础上,论文从对话性和狂欢化两个方面对《小世界》进行了阐述。首先,论文集中探讨了小说中的对话性,分别从小说中人物之间的对话、小说家和读者之间对话以及文化之间的对话分析了小说中对话性的体现尤其是“大型对话”。对话主体之间形成了的平等对话,真正的实现了狂欢化精神。其次,论文主要从狂欢化广场、狂欢化中加冕和脱冕仪式以及小说中的戏仿等几个方面分析小说的狂欢化。分析表明该小说中一切权威、等级都被消除,人们获得了一种完全自由的世界感受,狂欢化精神得到了充分的体现。论文的结论部分指出,巴赫金的对话性理论与狂欢化为理解《小世界》提供了新的视角；狂欢化精神在对话过程中产生,而狂欢节的世界为对话提供了一个场所；狂欢化精神正是反权威意识的充分体现；小说不但反映出狂欢化精神,而且凸显了后现代社会人们沉溺于对物质上的享受和名利的追求但却精神空虚,而迫切需要生活目标的精神状态。
[Abstract]:David Lodge is a highly reputable British novelist and critic in the world of fiction and criticism. His works are mainly divided into two categories: literary theoretical research and novel and script writing. "small World" has aroused strong reactions at home and abroad since its inception, and is regarded as the most interesting and outstanding novel since "Lucky Jim". And was nominated for the Booker Prize in English Literature. As a masterpiece of Rocky's campus novels, Little World is regarded by critics as a typical post-modernist work. Many literary critics have studied the postmodern characteristics, unique narrative strategies and profound themes of small World, and achieved some results. Although some scholars have paid attention to the characteristics of dialogue and carnival in "small World", few people have made a special study on the characteristics of dialogue and carnival in "small World". Therefore, based on Mikhail Mikhilovich Bakhtin's theory of dialogue and carnival, this paper studies the dialogism and carnival of small World. This paper briefly introduces David Lodge's life and his works, his contributions to the field of literature and the story outline of the novel "small World", and summarizes and introduces the important concepts in Bakhtin's theory of dialogue and carnival. On this basis, the paper expounds small World from two aspects of dialogue and carnival. First of all, the thesis focuses on the dialogism in the novel, and analyzes the dialogism in the novel, especially the "large-scale dialogue", from the dialogue between the characters in the novel, the dialogue between the novelist and the reader, and the dialogue between the culture. Dialogue between the main body of the formation of equal dialogue, the real realization of the spirit of carnival. Secondly, the thesis analyzes the carnival of the novel from several aspects, such as carnival square, coronation and discoronation ceremony and parody in the novel. The analysis shows that all authority and rank in the novel have been eliminated, people have gained a kind of completely free world feeling, and the carnival spirit has been fully embodied. The conclusion of the paper points out that Bakhtin's dialogical theory and carnival provide a new angle of view for understanding "small World", the carnival spirit comes into being in the process of dialogue, and the world of Carnival provides a place for dialogue. The carnival spirit is the full embodiment of the anti-authority consciousness, and the novel not only reflects the carnival spirit, but also highlights the spiritual emptiness of people indulging in the pursuit of material enjoyment and fame and fortune in the post-modern society. There is an urgent need for a mental state of purpose in life.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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